"Source of this article: Youyou Jilin"
Hunchun
A magical land
It is famous for its magnificent natural landscape.
And colorful ethnic customs.
Be desired by people.
But what is more desirable is
An ecological environment that has not been touched by the times
With free wild animals
today
Let’s get to know each other again
It once appeared on the land of Hunchun.
What rare wild animals?
Welcome to the world of wildlife.
Siberian tiger
National first-class protected animals
Siberian tiger (scientific name: Panthera tigris ssp.altaica): Also known as Siberian tiger, it is one of the subspecies of tiger. It is the largest carnivorous cat in existence. The average weight of adult male Siberian tiger is 250 kg, and the head length is about 2.3 meters. The average weight of an adult tigress is about 170kg, the body length is about 2m, the shoulder height is about 1.1m, and the tail length is about 1.3m.. The maximum body length can reach 2.9 meters (including tail length). The body color of wild Siberian tigers is brownish yellow in summer and yellowish in winter. There are many rows of narrow black stripes on the back and side of the body, usually two of them are willow-shaped. The head is big and round, and several black stripes on the forehead are often colluded in the middle, which is very similar to the word "king", so it has the reputation of "king of the jungle".
Living in forests, shrubs and weeds. Living alone, without settlement, with territorial behavior, the scope of activities can reach more than 100 square kilometers. Nocturnal, sensitive, fierce, quick-moving, good at swimming, climbing trees, and rarely attacking humans. The Siberian tiger mainly preys on large and medium-sized mammals such as deer, sheep and wild boar, and also eats small mammals and birds. The predation mode is sneak attack.
Amur leopard
National first-class protected animals
Northeast leopard generally refers to the Far East leopard. Far East Leopard (scientific name: Panthera pardus orientalis) is a subspecies of leopard, and it is a big cat in the northern cold region, second only to the Northeast Tiger, with a small head and a long tail and short limbs. The coat is yellow and covered with black ring spots; The spots on the head are small and dense, the spots on the back are dense and large, and the spots are in a round or oval plum blossom pattern, which is quite similar to ancient copper coins, so it is also known as the "leopard". The front foot has 5 toes, the rear foot has 4 toes, and the claws are gray and white, which can be extended and retracted.
Living in forests, shrubs, wetlands, deserts and other environments, its nests are mostly built in dense trees, shrubs or caves. Camp lives alone, often at night, resting in trees or caves during the day. It preys on all kinds of ungulates, monkeys, rabbits, rodents, birds and fish, and also eats sweet berries in autumn. When food is scarce, they also sneak into the village at night to steal poultry and livestock. It was once widely distributed in the Russian Far East, Heilongjiang in northeast China, Jilin and the forests in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. It has been listed in Appendix I of the Washington Convention and is strictly protected by Russian, Korean and China governments.
Wild sika deer
National first-class protected animals
Cervus nippon is a small and medium-sized deer, with a body length of 125 to 145 cm, a tail length of 12 to 13 cm, a shoulder height of 70 to 95 cm and a weight of 70 to 100 kg. The coat color is chestnut red in summer, with many white spots, which look like plum blossoms; It is smoky brown in winter, and the white spots are not obvious. There is hair on the neck. Male horns are 30 to 66 cm long.
Sika deer are not gregarious. Bucks often live alone, and their activity time is concentrated in the morning and evening. The living area changes with the change of seasons. In spring, they are mostly on semi-shady slopes, and they move to the forest edge of shady slopes in summer and autumn. In winter, they like to live on warm sunny slopes, mainly feeding on grass, fruits, herbs, tree buds, trees and crops. The population is mainly distributed in eastern Russia, Japan and China. It is a national first-class protected animal in China, and it is listed in the Red List of Endangered Species (VER 3.1-Low Risk (LC) of IUCN IUCN)2015.
Original musk deer
National first-class protected animals
The original musk deer (scientific name: Moschus moschiferus), commonly known as the fragrant roe, is an animal of the family Moschus. The original musk deer has small head, big eyes, long and upright ears, short tail, slender limbs, hind limbs longer than forelimbs, no horns for both sexes, and dark brown body.
The original musk deer often moves alone, generally moves more frequently in the morning and evening, is very good at jumping, has developed sight and hearing, has a relatively fixed route of activities and foraging, and has a wide range of feeding habits. It estrus from October to January of the following year, and gives birth in June-July, with 1-2 per litter, mostly inhabiting cliffs and rocky mountain habitats in mixed coniferous and broadleaved forests, deciduous coniferous forests, mixed coniferous forests and sparse forests and shrubs.
sable
National first-class protected animals
Sable (scientific name: Martes zibellina): The body length is about 40 cm, the weight is about 1 kg, the tail length is 12 cm, and the life span is about 8-15 years. It is a small and medium-sized animal with a slender body and short limbs. The head is long and narrow, the ears are short and round, and the sense of smell and hearing is sensitive. Canine teeth are more developed and the cracked teeth are smaller; The upper molars are arranged horizontally, and the inner leaves are wider than the outer leaves; The diameter of molar crown is larger than the height of lateral incisors. The body hair is soft and without markings. 5 fingers (toes) on both front and rear feet; The claws are sharp and not retractable.
Sable is a kind of animal belonging to the genus Sable, which is specialized in northern Asia. It moves and hunts in the daytime. Hunting small prey by smell and hearing, including rats, birds and fish. Sometimes I eat berries and pine cones. Sables mostly nest on the forest floor. When the weather is bad or they are killed, they will hide in the nest and even store food in it. The fur of sable is called mink, which is only produced in Northeast China in China. It is also called "Three Treasures in Northeast China" together with "Ginseng and Velvet Antler". Widely distributed in Urals Mountain, Siberia, Mongolia, Northeast China and Hokkaido.
marten
National second-class protected animals
Mink (diāo): mammal. Also known as "Martes" (scientific name martes). Mainly distributed in Urals Mountain, Siberia, Mongolia and northeast China. Minks are slender, yellow or purple-black, and there are many kinds. Sable is a genus of Carnivora, most of which live in trees. Sable is mainly produced in Northeast China in China, and there are many varieties. It belongs to precious fur animals. I like quiet, live alone, change my hair twice a year, and have a variety of foods, mainly fish. Pet ferrets, such as Angkor and Michelle, are actually ferrets. But the wild mink is a very endangered animal.
yellow-throated marten
National second-class protected animals
Martes flavigula: There are 10 subspecies, with a body length of 56-65 cm, a tail length of 38-43 cm and a weight of about 2-3 kg. It is named after the obvious yellow-orange throat spot on the front chest. The ears are short and round, the tail hair is not fluffy, and the body is slender and the size is like a small fox. Soft and slender, cylindrical. The head is tapering and slightly triangular; Round ears; The legs are short, and the limbs are short, but they are strong and powerful. The front and rear limbs each have five toes, and the toes are thick, curved and sharp. Because it likes to eat honey, it is also known as the honey dog.
It mainly inhabits various types of forest areas, and its nests are mostly built in tree holes or stone caves. I like morning and evening activities, but I often appear during the day. Living in mountain forests or hilly areas, burrowing in tree holes and caves, good at climbing steep trees and rocks, and quick in action. Mainly distributed in East Asia, Southeast Asia and Russian outer manchuria.
red fox
National second-class protected animals
Red fox (scientific name: Vulpes vulpes): It is a canine and fox animal. There are 47 subspecies. Adult animals are 62-72 cm in length, 40 cm in shoulder height, 20-40 cm in tail length and 5-7 kg in weight. The coat color varies greatly with seasons and regions, generally, the back is brownish gray or brownish red, the abdomen is white or yellowish white, the tail tip is white, the back of the ear is black or dark brown, and the black stripes on the outside of the limbs extend to the foot surface. The male is slightly older.
The red fox is well-developed in hearing and smell, cunning in sex and quick in action. Like to be alone. Hunting at night. Usually go out for activities at night, and sleep in the cave during the day. The long tail has the function of moisture-proof and warmth, but in remote places, sometimes it will come out to look for food during the day. Although its legs and feet are short, its claws are sharp and it runs very fast. When chasing prey, its speed can reach more than 50 kilometers per hour, and it is good at swimming and climbing trees. It mainly feeds on marmots and rodents, and also eats wild birds, frogs, fish, insects, etc., as well as all kinds of wild fruits and crops.
leopard cat
National second-class protected animals
Leopard cat (scientific name: Prionailurus bengalensis) is a feline and leopard cat. The head length is 360-660 mm; The tail length is 200-370 mm; The hind foot is 80-130 mm long; Ear length is 35-55 mm; The total length of skull is 75-96 mm; Weighing 1.5-5 kg. Leopard cats are also called "money cats" in China, because the spots on their bodies are very similar to the copper coins in China. It is similar in size to a domestic cat, but it is slimmer and has longer legs. The coat color tone of southern species is light brown or light yellow, while the coat color of northern species is grayer and has dark spots all over. There are spots on the side of the body, but they never form vertical stripes. Obvious white stripes extend from the nose to the eyes, often to the top of the head. The ears are large and sharp, black behind the ears with white spots. Two distinct black stripes extend from the inner corner of the eye to the base of the ear. There is a white stripe from the inner corner of the eye to the nose, and the snout is white. The tail is long (about 40-50% of the length of the head), with a ring pattern to the black tail tip.
Leopard cats mainly inhabit mountain forest areas, country bushes and forest-edge villages. The altitude of the distribution can be distributed from the low-altitude coastal zone to the mountain forest area with an altitude of 3000 meters. Leopard cats’ nests are mostly in tree holes, earth holes, under stones or in crevices. It is mainly terrestrial, but it has strong climbing ability and is flexible in tree activities. Nocturnal, with more morning and evening activities. Live alone or in pairs. Good at swimming, I like to move and feed near water, such as ponds, gullies and rice fields. They mainly feed on rats, squirrels, flying squirrels, rabbits, frogs, lizards, snakes, small birds and insects, and sometimes sneak into villages to steal chickens, ducks and other poultry. Widely distributed in China (except the arid areas in the north and west); From Afghanistan, through the Indian subcontinent, it extends to Southeast Asia, Russia and North Korea.
lynx
National second-class protected animals
Lynx lynx (scientific name: lynx lynx) belongs to the cat family. It is cat-like and much larger than a cat. It has a stout body and a very short tail, and its head is usually less than a quarter of its body length. The limbs are thick, long and vigorous. There are black towering tufts of hair at the tip of the ear. Long hair hanging down on both cheeks. The upper body is light brown, khaki brown, light grayish brown or hemp brown, or grayish white with light earthy tones; The ventral surface is light white, yellow white or sandy yellow. The tail is black. National second-class protected animals. It looks like a wolf, also known as a wolf cat.
It is a cold-loving animal, which basically belongs to the product of cold areas in the north temperate zone and also lives in cold mountain areas. Habitat environment is very diverse, ranging from coniferous forest in sub-frigid zone and mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest in cold temperate zone to alpine meadow, alpine grassland, alpine shrub grassland, alpine desert and semi-desert. Like living alone, good at climbing and swimming, strong hunger tolerance, can lie still in one place for a few days, not afraid of the cold. It feeds on rats and rabbits, and also preys on small wild boar and deer. Nests are mostly built in crevices, caves or tree holes. 2-4 babies per fetus. Widely distributed in Europe and northern Asia.
river deer
National second-class protected animals
Water deer (scientific name: Hydropotes inermis): It is a mammal of Artiodactyla and Cervidae. It is a small deer, slightly larger than musk deer, with a body length of 91-103 cm, a tail length of 6-7 cm and a weight of 14-17 kg. Both sexes have no horns, and the canine teeth on the male roe are developed, protruding out of the mouth into fangs. No frontal gland, small infraorbital gland. The ears are relatively large, the tail is extremely short, and it is covered by the hair on the buttocks. The hair is thick and brittle. Young roe’s coat is lined with linear spots, which are arranged vertically.
Habitat in the river bank, lake, lake center grass beach, beach reeds or thatched environment, but also live in low hills and island forest edge grass shrubs. Live alone or in pairs, 3-5 at most together. Actions are often jumping and quick. Timid by nature, with erect ears, sensitive feeling, good at hiding and swimming, it is difficult for people to get close. Males are territorial animals and mark their territory with urine and feces. The staple food is tender leaves of weeds, juicy and tender plant roots and leaves.
It is considered to be the most primitive deer, which originated in eastern China and the Korean Peninsula and was introduced to Britain and France in the 1970s. Slightly bigger than a musk deer. "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: "The roe has no fragrance, but the musk deer also has fragrance, commonly known as the musk deer, which is called fragrant roe". Distributed along the Yangtze River in China and Korea.
red deer
National second-class protected animals
Cervus elaphus (scientific name: Cervus elaphus) is a large deer, which is second only to moose. There are 10 subspecies. It is named because it looks like a fine horse. Its body is dark brown and there are some white spots on its back and sides. Males have horns, which are generally divided into 6 forks, up to 8 forks, and the second fork of antler horn is close to Yu Mei fork. Summer hair is short, no fluff, generally reddish brown, with a deep back and a shallow belly, so it is called "red deer".
Red deer live in alpine forests or grassland areas. Like to live in groups. Summer is mostly at night and early morning, and winter is mostly during the day. Good at running and swimming. Feed on all kinds of grass, leaves, twigs, bark and fruits, and like to lick salt and alkali. Estrous mating from September to October, more than 8 months of pregnancy, 1 litter per child. Distributed in Asia, Europe, North America and North Africa.
black bear
National second-class protected animals
There are 7 subspecies of Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus). The female is 110-150 cm long and the male is 120-189 cm long. The tail length is less than 12 cm; Shoulder height is 70-100 cm. The female weighs 40-140 kg, and the male weighs 60-200 kg. The body hair is black and long, the chin is white, and there is a V-shaped white spot on the chest. The head is round, the ears are big, the eyes are small, the kiss is short and sharp, the nose is exposed, the foot pad is thick, the front and rear feet have five toes, and the claws are sharp and cannot be extended. Strong body. Habitat in mountain forests, generally active at night, sleeping in tree holes or caves during the day, good at climbing trees and swimming; Can walk upright. Poor vision, sensitive sense of smell and hearing; Their feeding habits are miscellaneous, they feed on plant leaves, buds, fruits and seeds, and sometimes they also eat insects, bird eggs and small mammals. Black bears in the north have the habit of hibernating. They lie dormant in the hole all winter, unable to eat or move, and are in a semi-sleep state until they come out of the hole in March-April of the following year. Mating in summer, 7 months pregnant, 1 ~ 3 offspring per fetus. Distributed in the eastern part of Eurasia, Taiwan Province, Japan and other places in the forest zone.
brown bear
National second-class protected animals
Ursus arctos (scientific name: Ursus arctos): It is an animal of mammals and Xiong Ke. Also known as grizzly bear. It is one of the largest mammals of Carnivora on land, with a body length of 1.5-2.8m, a shoulder height of 0.9-1.5m, a male body weight of 135-545kg and a female body weight of 80-250kg. The head is big and round, the body is strong, and the shoulders are raised. The coat is thick and dense, up to 10 cm in winter; Different colors, such as gold, brown, black and brown-black. The forearm is very powerful, and the tip of the front paw can be up to 15 cm. Because claw tips can’t be retracted into the claw sheath like cats, these claw tips are relatively blunt. Forearms are powerful when swinging, and "blunt" claws can cause great damage.
It mainly inhabits coniferous forests in cold temperate zones, mostly moves during the day, walks slowly, has no fixed habitat, and usually acts alone. The plants include all kinds of rhizomes, tubers, forage, grains and fruits, and they like to eat honey. Animals include ants, ant eggs, insects, rodents, ungulates, fish and carrion. Hibernation, during hibernation, the body temperature, heartbeat and detoxification system will stop working, so as to reduce the loss of heat and calcium and prevent hypothermia and osteoporosis. Running speed can reach 56 km/h. During hibernation, they give birth to 1-4 cubs each. In spring, female bears often play with their cubs in the forest. Distributed in Eurasia and most parts of North America.
Spotted seal
Scientific name: Phoca largha
Also known as the big-toothed spotted seal and the big-toothed seal, it is a marine mammal living in the coastal areas of temperate and cold temperate zones. Living in the Pacific Northwest in the northern hemisphere, mainly distributed in Chukchi Sea, Bering Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Sea of Japan, Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea in China. They have migratory breeding habits, are carnivorous animals, and their food is mainly fish and cephalopods. Spotted seal is the only pinpoda that can breed in China waters, and it is a national first-class protected animal in China.
Jinxiu lobster
Scientific name: Panulirus ornatus
With a body length of 60 cm, it is the largest lobster. There are dark brown and yellow markings on the abdomen, the first antenna and the foot. There are four pairs of warts at the base of the antenna, and the latter pair is smaller. The body color is colorful and bright. National second-class aquatic wild protected animals (wild population only).
otter
Scientific name: Lutra lutra
It belongs to the family Mustelidae and the genus Otter. The otter has a long body, a short kiss, slightly rounded eyes, small ears, short limbs, brown back and grayish brown belly.
Otters mostly burrow, rest during the day and come out at night. Except during mating, they usually live alone. They are good at swimming and diving. They are keen in hearing, sight and smell, and have a mixed diet. They can mate all year round, giving birth to 1-5 babies each. They mainly live in rivers and lakes, especially in the wooded streams and rivers on both sides of the strait, with a very wide distribution range, which is found in Asia, Europe and Africa. It is a national second-class protected animal.
Salmon
Scientific name: Brachymystax lenok
It is a fish of the genus Lepidoptera in the family Salmonidae. The salmon is named after its small scales, with a spindle-shaped body, a slightly flat side, a slightly sharp head, a blunt kiss, a small mouth, a transverse crack, a sub-inferior position, a thick and free tongue, an obvious maxilla, and a row of sharp teeth on the upper and lower jaws, the vomerosal bone and the palatal bone. The branchial foramen is large and lateral. The intestine is about 2/3 of the same length, and the pyloric caecum is well developed. The swim bladder is long and conical, and the tip of the back end extends through the anus. The back is dark brown, the side is reddish brown, and the back of fresh fish is dark green; There are many oval transverse black spots on the back and sides. Groups that inhabit mountain streams all year round have a green-brown back, dark sides, white abdomen, black dorsal fin, gluteal fin and fat fin, and black outer edge; The pectoral fin and ventral fin are orange with black spots. Individuals are small, and the body length is generally less than 350 mm. Fishermen call them "mountain scales". The salmon that migrates to the big river in winter is large, with dark green back, yellow brown side, black spots and black abdomen. In the reproductive season, the adult fish is dark, the front fin of dorsal fin turns black, and faint red spots appear on the side. Generally, the body color of older fish is darker than that of younger fish.
Salmon is a cold-water fish, which mostly lives in running water with low water temperature and clear water quality. Salmon Lepidoptera is a carnivorous fish, and it is also a kind of gluttony in freshwater fish. It likes to eat fireflies, ladybugs, gadflies, flying ants, Ma Feng, dragonfly larvae and other insects that fall into the water, as well as small fish, frogs, crayfish, rats, aquatic insects and plants. It is a national second-class key protected aquatic wild animal.
Salmon with flower lamb
Scientific name: Salvelinus malma
It is a fish belonging to the genus Salmonidae, and its body color ranges from brown to gray. There are two types: land seal type and migration type. China is land seal type and lives in the cold waters of the main stream and tributaries of rivers for life. They have a wide range of feeding habits, mainly benthos and insects falling into the water, and sometimes even jump out of the water to prey. It is a national second-class key protected aquatic wild animal.
Giant salamander
Scientific name: Salamandrella keyserlingii
The giant salamander belongs to Amphibia, Anura, Siluridae. The giant salamander can be called a "living fossil", which is an ancient rare animal with an evolutionary history of 230 million years ago. The giant salamander is mainly distributed in the alpine region, which is the northernmost species of the family Siluridae, and is distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other places in China. The giant salamander lives in humid places and often appears under the grass or in caves in marshes with clear water quality. Usually, the giant salamanders go out for food at dusk or after rain, feeding on insects, earthworms, mollusks, loaches and so on. It is a national second-class key protected aquatic wild animal.
Masu salmon
Scientific name: Oncorhynchus masou
It is the southernmost wandering species in the genus Cannabis in China, with a southern limit of 35 degrees north latitude and high adaptability to temperature, and it is one of the inland domestication targets. It is a valuable economic fish with delicate meat and delicious taste, which is deeply loved by the masses. In recent years, its resources have fallen sharply and are on the verge of exhaustion. It is found in Heilongjiang and Jilin in China. It is a national second-class key protected aquatic wild animal.
White-headed crane
The white-headed crane (scientific name: Grus monacha) is a large wading bird. The neck is long, the beak is long, the legs are long, the lower part of the tibia is exposed, the webbed is underdeveloped, the hind toe is small, and the landing position is high; Wing circle is short; Short tail, no real crop; The vocal tube consists of trachea and part of bronchus; It can form a complex curl between sternum and pectoral muscle, which is beneficial to vocal resonance. Wen Ya temperament, alert and timid. It has dense black bristles in front of its forehead and eyes, and white fur from head to neck. The rest of its feathers are slate gray. Early bird. Inhabits in mudflats, swamps and reed marshes and wet grasslands along the banks of rivers and lakes, and mainly feeds on crustaceans, small fish, mollusks, polypods, insects and larvae such as Orthoptera, Lepidoptera and Odonata, and also eats tender leaves and tubers of plants such as Carex, Polygonum hydropiper and POTAMOGETON, and plant foods and crops such as wheat and rice. The breeding period is from May to July. The nest is built on the swamp where sparse larch and shrub grow, and the nest is mainly composed of hay and moss. Each nest lays 2 eggs, the color of which is green and red with large dark spots on the quilt. Distributed in Eurasia.
It is a national first-class protected wild animal.
northern harrier
White-tailed harrier (scientific name: Circus cyaneus): It is a medium-sized raptor with a body length of 41-53 cm. The male bird’s upper body is blue-gray, its head and chest are dark, its wing tip is black, its tail is covered with white feathers, and its abdomen, flanks and wings are covered with white feathers. When flying, the blue-gray upper body, white waist and black wing tip form obvious contrast. Seen from below, the white lower body, dark chest and black wing tips are also in sharp contrast. Female bird has dark brown upper body, white tail, yellow-white or tan lower body skin, mixed with thick reddish-brown or dark tan longitudinal stripes; I often fly at low altitude close to the ground, and when gliding, my wings are raised in a’ V’ shape and shake from time to time.
Habitat in plains and hilly areas, especially lakes, swamps, river valleys, grasslands, wilderness and open areas such as low mountains, forest swamps and grasslands, farmland, coastal swamps and reed ponds. Mainly feed on animal foods such as small birds, rats, frogs, lizards and large insects.
It is a national second-class protected animal..
Crested bee eagle
Phoenix-headed bee eagle (scientific name: Pernis ptilorhynchus): Also known as Oriental bee eagle, there are 6 subspecies. The body length is 50-62 cm and the weight is 800-1200 g. The feathers at the back of the head and pillow are long and narrow, forming a short crest, which is often obviously exposed. The upper beak has an arc-shaped vertical protrusion, which is suitable for tearing prey and swallowing; The base has wax film or whisker feathers; Strong wings, wide, round and blunt wings, flapping wings and soaring, and the rhythm of flapping wings is slower than that of Falconidae; Most tarsometatarsal parts are relatively long, which is about equal to the length of gaskin. The female is significantly larger than the male. A contrasting light-colored throat block with dense black longitudinal stripes and often a black midline. The flight is characterized by a relatively small head and a long neck, and long and narrow wings and tail. He especially likes to eat bees, mainly feeding on wasps, wasps, bees and other bees, and also eating other insects and insect larvae. He usually lives in dense forests and generally nests in large leafy trees, and the breeding period is from April to June. Each nest lays about 2 eggs. It is distributed in China, southern Siberia to sakhalin island, Japan and Korea, wintering in the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia, and some stay in India, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia.
It is a national second-class key protected wild animal.
Black woodpecker
Black woodpecker (scientific name: Dryocopus martius)? Order, Woodpecker Family, is a large woodpecker with a body length of 45-47 cm, a wingspan of 64-68 cm, a weight of 300-350 g and a life span of 11 years. It is the largest kind of woodpecker. Almost pure black; The male’s forehead, head and pillow are all blood red; The female bird only has blood red on the back.
It grows in the dense forest in the northern part of Palaearctic realm and is found in different parts of Eurasia. This bird will not migrate. The flight is not smooth, but it is not as undulating as other woodpeckers. Ants, the staple food, dig big holes when eating. Scandinavia, Poland and Spain, which are distributed in Europe, go eastward through the Baltic Sea, the former Soviet Union, Mongolia, North Korea and Japan, while the south passes through the Balkans, Asia Minor and Caucasus and ends in Iran. Northwest, Northeast, Hebei, Shanxi and Southwest of China.
It is a national second-class key protected wild animal.
Big swan
Cygnus cygnus (scientific name: cygnus cygnus): it is a migratory bird of ornithoptera, Anatidae and Cygnus without subspecies differentiation. Tall, with a body length of 120-160 cm, a wingspan of 218-243 cm, a weight of 8-12 kg and a life span of 20-25 years. The mouth is black, with a large yellow at the base of the mouth, and the yellow extends to the side edge of the upper beak and becomes sharp. When swimming, the neck is straighter than the wart-nosed swan. Male and female are of the same color, with white body and extremely long neck; Elegant posture. The distinguishing feature of this species is the beak. The beak of the big swan is composed of black and yellow, and the yellow area is located at the base of the beak. Compared with the little swan, the yellow area of the beak of the big swan is larger than the nostril.
Habitat in the open, shallow water with lush aquatic plants. Sex-loving groups often live in groups except during the breeding season, especially in winter, and often live in family groups, sometimes as many as dozens to hundreds of large groups. Have activities day and night, alert, timid and good at swimming. Migratory birds, when migrating, take small families as units and form a "one", "people" or "V" shaped team. It is much quieter than a swan with a wart nose when flying. It is one of the highest flying birds in the world (besides the alpine vulture), and it can fly over the roof of the world-Mount Everest, with the highest flying height of more than 9,000 meters. They mainly feed on leaves, stems, seeds and rhizomes of aquatic plants, and besides plant foods, they also eat a small amount of animal foods, such as mollusks, aquatic insects and other aquatic invertebrates.
It is a national second-class key protected wild animal.
cygnet
Cygnus columbianus (scientific name: Cygnus columbianus) is a large waterfowl of the genus Cygnus, with a body length of 110-130 cm and a weight of 4-7 kg. The female bird is slightly smaller. It is very similar to the big swan in shape, with a long neck, pure white feathers, black feet and webbed feet. Its body is only slightly smaller, and its neck and mouth are slightly shorter than those of the big swan, but it is difficult to tell. The easiest way to distinguish them is to compare the yellow color of the mouth base. The yellow color of the mouth base of the big swan extends below the nostrils, while the yellow color of the little swan is limited to the two sides of the mouth base and does not extend below the nostrils along the mouth edge. Its head to the pillow is often slightly stained with brown, its iris is brown and its mouth is black. Its sound is clear and crisp, with a whistle like "knock, knock", not like the trumpet-like cry of the big swan.
It is a national second-class protected animal..
Swan with wart nose
Cygnus olor: It is a kind of large-scale swimming bird belonging to the genus Cygnus, Anatidae, with a body length of 1.2-1.5m and a weight of 6.75-10kg. The neck is slender and there is a wart on the forehead, hence the name. The whole body feathers are white. When swimming in the water, the neck bends slightly like an "S". There are obvious globules at the base of the mouth, which are larger in males and less developed in females. The eyes are dark brown, the mouth is orange-yellow, the base and ball are black, and the toes and webbed are gray-black. Walking on the ground is clumsy, but very good at swimming. When flying, the head is also straightened, but it rarely makes a cry, so it is also named "silent swan".
It mainly inhabits open lakes, bends, ponds, reservoirs, bays, swamps, slow-flowing rivers and their shores. Taking aquatic plants as the main food, including roots, stems, leaves, buds and seeds of aquatic plants; I eat mollusks, insects and small fish. Nest among reeds, consisting of aquatic plants and soil, covered with weeds and down feathers. In summer, it lays 5-7 eggs, which is the most one among swans. Hatching is completed by females, and the incubation period is 35 to 36 days. Parents feed their chicks together. Distributed in Europe, North Africa, central and southern Asia. Breed in the British Isles, north-central Europe and north-central Asia. Wintering south to North Africa, the Near East, India and South Korea. It has been successfully introduced into North America, where it is a widely distributed species and a permanent resident bird in many areas.
It is a national second-class key protected wild animal.
baikal teal
Baikal teal (scientific name: Anas formosa) is a small duck, which is slightly larger than the green-winged duck and slightly smaller than the needle-tailed duck. It is 37-44 cm long and weighs about 0.5 kg. The breeding feathers of male ducks are very gorgeous, especially the mottled face composed of yellow, green, black and white is very eye-catching. On both sides of the thoracic and caudal bases.
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