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National Bureau of Statistics: In 2021, the new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development increased by 35.4% over the previous year.

CCTV News:According to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics on August 31, in order to dynamically monitor the changes of new kinetic energy of China’s economic development, the Institute of Statistical Science of the National Bureau of Statistics, based on the Statistical Monitoring System of New Industries, New Formats and New Business Models and the statistical index system of new kinetic energy of economic development, adopted the fixed-base index method to measure the new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development in 2021, and revised the historical index data. The results show that the new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development in 2021 (100 in 2014) is 598.8, an increase of 35.4% over the previous year. In 2021, all the sub-indices have improved compared with the previous year, among which the network economy index has the fastest growth and contributed the most to the growth of the total index.

First, the network economy index. In 2021, the index of network economy was 1963.6, an increase of 48.4% over the previous year, and the contribution rate to the growth of the total index was 81.9%.

Second, the economic vitality index. In 2021, the economic vitality index was 393.1, an increase of 18.8% over the previous year, and the contribution rate to the total index growth was 8.0%.

Third, the innovation-driven index. In 2021, the innovation-driven index was 293.5, an increase of 20.5% over the previous year, and the contribution rate to the total index growth was 6.4%.

Fourth, the knowledge and ability index. In 2021, the knowledge and ability index was 182.7, an increase of 11.6% over the previous year, and the contribution rate to the growth of the total index was 2.4%.

V. Transformation and upgrading index. In 2021, the transformation and upgrading index was 160.9, an increase of 7.0% over the previous year, and the contribution rate to the total index growth was 1.3%.

He Qiang, chief statistician of the Institute of Statistical Science of the National Bureau of Statistics, interprets the new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development in 2021.

Cultivating and developing new kinetic energy is an inherent requirement for optimizing economic layout, strengthening innovation and leading and maintaining stable economic operation. The National Bureau of Statistics recently released the new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development in 2021, and He Qiang, chief statistician of the Institute of Statistical Science of the National Bureau of Statistics, interpreted the characteristics of the index.

1. In 2021, the new kinetic energy index of economic development increased by 35.4% over the previous year.

The calculation results show that the new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development in 2021 is 598.8, an increase of 35.4% over the previous year. The new kinetic energy with new industries, new formats and new models as the main content has achieved steady growth, the economic vitality has been continuously improved, the innovation ability has been further enhanced, the network economy has continued to develop rapidly, the transformation and upgrading effect has appeared, and the development of new kinetic energy has been nurtured and strengthened, which has continuously injected new impetus into realizing the good start of the 14 th Five-Year Plan and promoting high-quality economic development.

Second, the sustained and rapid development of the network economy has promoted the continuous growth of new kinetic energy

With the strengthening of the construction of 5G network and Gigabit optical network, the construction of new technical facilities has achieved results, the information and communication service capabilities have been significantly improved, the industries such as Internet, big data and artificial intelligence have been growing, the digital economy and the real economy have been deeply integrated, the "internet plus" has developed rapidly, new consumption patterns have emerged, and application scenarios have become more abundant, which has continuously promoted the rapid growth of new kinetic energy. According to estimates, in 2021, the network economy index reached 1963.6, an increase of 48.4% over the previous year. From the main indicators, by the end of 2021, the number of mobile Internet users and fixed Internet broadband access users reached 1.42 billion and 540 million respectively, up by 5.0% and 10.8% respectively over the previous year. Mobile Internet access traffic reached 221.6 billion GB, an increase of 33.9%.

E-commerce services such as online shopping, online take-out, online video and online health have continued to develop rapidly. Internet platform enterprises have further expanded to offline, speeding up the digital transformation and upgrading of traditional formats. Physical businesses have expanded their sales scale through various forms such as live e-commerce, social marketing and community group buying. Personalized customization and flexible production are favored by users. Online and offline consumption are highly interactive, and new formats and new models lead new consumption expansion and upgrading. The data shows that the transaction volume of China’s e-commerce platform increased by 19.6% in 2021 compared with the previous year. The consumption scene in the online retail market continues to expand, and online consumption demand continues to be released. In 2021, the national online retail sales reached 13.1 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.1% compared with the previous year, of which the online retail sales of physical goods increased by 12.0%, accounting for 24.5% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods. The consumption experience of online shopping users has been continuously improved, the consumption potential has been effectively stimulated, and users’ acceptance of online consumption has been rising. In 2021, the national online shopping replacement rate was 81.2%, up 0.2 percentage points from the previous year and rising for seven consecutive years.

Third, the number of market players continued to increase, and the vitality of development was further enhanced.

Mass entrepreneurship and innovation have been promoted in depth, and new market players have maintained a good growth trend and their vitality has been effectively stimulated. The transformation of government functions has been accelerated, more government affairs services have been handled by one network, supervision has been strengthened and innovated, and the business environment has been continuously optimized. The "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform has made new progress, further expanding the space for economic development and helping the new kinetic energy of economic development to replace the traditional kinetic energy. It is estimated that in 2021, the economic vitality index will be 393.1, an increase of 18.8% over the previous year. Judging from the main components, in 2021, the number of newly registered market entities in China was 28.872 million, an increase of 15.4%, an increase of 10.2 percentage points over the previous year; There were 25,000 newly registered enterprises every day, and the total number of market players reached 150 million at the end of the year. We will continue to promote high-level opening to the outside world, continuously increase efforts to attract foreign investment, and achieve a double improvement in the scale and quality of foreign investment in 2021, which fully demonstrates China’s strong economic development resilience, sufficient motivation and great market appeal. With the accelerated release of new consumer demand, the scale of the express delivery industry continues to expand. In 2021, the express delivery business volume reached 108.3 billion pieces, an increase of 29.9%.

Fourth, R&D investment continued to grow, and innovation-driven development achieved new results.

In-depth implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation, continue to strengthen basic research, consolidate the foundation of scientific and technological self-reliance, a number of major scientific and technological innovations have emerged, important progress has been made in tackling key core technologies, new breakthroughs have been made in manned space flight, Mars exploration, resource exploration, energy engineering and other fields, the national strategic scientific and technological strength has been accelerated, the dominant position of enterprise innovation has been continuously enhanced, and the cultivation of new kinetic energy has been accelerated. It is estimated that in 2021, the innovation-driven index will be 293.5, an increase of 20.5% over the previous year. From the main composition indicators, the ratio of national R&D expenditure to GDP, the proportion of basic research expenditure to R&D expenditure, and the R&D expenditure of enterprises have all improved to varying degrees, and the R&D investment has continued to increase. The transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements was intensified, and 696 thousand invention patents were authorized throughout the year; The number of high-value invention patents per 10 thousand population reached 7.5, an increase of 1.2 over the previous year; The contract value in the technology market was 3,729.43 billion yuan, an increase of 32.0% over the previous year, and the construction of technology trading market and technology transfer mechanism achieved remarkable results.

Five, strengthen the training of highly skilled personnel, effectively improve the level of human capital.

Improving the skill level of human resources and strengthening the construction of knowledge and ability are important guarantees for cultivating new kinetic energy for development. According to estimates, in 2021, the knowledge and ability index will be 182.7, an increase of 11.6% over the previous year. From the main composition indicators, the proportion of highly educated and highly skilled population in China has further increased, and the proportion of economically active population with master’s degree or above is 1.29%, an increase of 0.21 percentage points over the previous year; Professional and technical personnel accounted for 15.64% of the employees in the "four-up" enterprises, an increase of 0.38 percentage points over the previous year; The proportion of information personnel in non-information departments was 1.98%, an increase of 0.11 percentage points over the previous year; The full-time equivalent of R&D personnel per 10,000 employees was 571.6 person-years, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year.

6. Accelerating the development of emerging industries and optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure.

While smoothing the national economic cycle and maintaining the safety and stability of the industrial chain supply chain, we will continue to promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure, enhance the level of industrial development, and foster new kinetic energy for development. We will continue to promote the digitalization of manufacturing, service industry, agriculture and other industries, carry out pilot demonstrations on the integration and development of a new generation of information technology and manufacturing, implement the green and low-carbon transformation action of manufacturing and the special action for the development of advanced manufacturing clusters, continue to promote the work of national strategic emerging industrial clusters, and further optimize the industrial layout. According to estimates, in 2021, the transformation and upgrading index will be 160.9, an increase of 7.0%. Judging from the main constituent indicators, in 2021, the added value of strategic emerging industries accounted for 13.4% of GDP, up 1.7 percentage points from the previous year and up 5.8 percentage points from 2014. Among them, the added value of strategic emerging industries above designated size increased by 16.8% from the previous year, which was 7.2 percentage points faster than the growth rate of industrial added value above designated size; The added value of high-tech manufacturing industry increased by 18.2% over the previous year, 8.6 percentage points faster than that of industrial enterprises above designated size, accounting for 15.1% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size; The proportion of "four-up" enterprises selling goods and services through e-commerce trading platforms was 11.17%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points over the previous year; Natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and other clean energy accounted for 25.5% of the total energy consumption, an increase of 1.2 percentage points over the previous year.

Listen, the story of the growth of five great country craftsmen-you and I "have a skill" to become a powerful country.

  Cao Yajun (left), a "great country craftsman" in the national architectural decoration industry, works in the start-up area of Shenzhen Guangming Science City. Xinhua news agency

  Xiong Guoan, the inheritor of Jingdezhen traditional thin-shell porcelain making skills, is "benefiting the blank". Xinhua news agency

  Zheng Chunhui, a senior arts and crafts artist, is creating. Bright picture

  In Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province, Hu Min, a "national technical expert", is carrying out flame cutting. Xinhua news agency

  Liu Yulei, a senior assembler of grand piano in Yingkou, Liaoning, assembled piano parts in the workshop. Xinhua news agency

  Wang Shangdian, a senior lathe technician and lathe skill expert in Jinxi Petrochemical Company of China Petroleum, is using calipers to measure parts data. Xinhua news agency

  editorial comment/note

  Skilled workers are an important force supporting China’s manufacturing and China’s creation. Recently, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a letter to congratulate the holding of the first great country craftsman innovation exchange conference, stressing: "The working class and the broad masses of working people in China should vigorously carry forward the spirit of model workers, labor and craftsmen, adapt to the needs of the scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation in the world today, study hard, study deeply, be brave in innovation and be the first, constantly improve their technical skills, and contribute wisdom and strength to promoting high-quality development, implementing the strategy of manufacturing a powerful country, and building a socialist modern country in an all-round way." As an outstanding representative of skilled talents, artisans in big countries are superb in skills and hard-working. They build their dreams with dexterous hands and devote themselves to their country with dedication. How did they feel and touch when they received the congratulatory letter from the general secretary? How to play a better role and contribute wisdom and strength to promoting high-quality development, implementing the strategy of building a strong country and building a socialist modern country in an all-round way? In this issue, five craftsmen from big countries are invited to tell their stories of struggle, and experts are invited to make suggestions and analyze them.

  [First-line narration]

Sow the seeds of "ingenuity" and strive for Excellence

Narrator: Chen Zhaohai, the chief skill expert of China Communications No.1 Navigation Bureau No.3 Company.

  A few days ago, we were attending the first great country craftsman innovation exchange conference online, and when we heard the news that the general secretary sent a congratulatory letter, we suddenly "boiled" with joy and felt glorious and proud.

  I have been engaged in surveying for 27 years, and I have been on the front line of building ports, dams, roads and bridges. Years of work have made me deeply feel that measurement is like the "eye" of the project. Only by measuring more accurate data can the project of a big country be completed accurately. For example, the observation accuracy of calipers can only reach centimeters, and millimeters need to be estimated by ourselves. How to read the millimeter estimate more accurately? I have practiced this basic skill for 10 years.

  At that time, because the measuring instrument total station was more expensive, the newly graduated "raw melon and an egg shaped thing" rarely had a chance to get started, so I helped master Zhao Zhenguo and carefully recorded every operation step. One day, the site builder was anxious for a set of measurement data, and it happened that the master was on vacation. At the urging of everyone, I shouldered the total station and rushed to the scene. It was my first independent measurement. Because I was nervous, I repeated the measurement and calculation several times before reporting the data. After the master came back, he not only didn’t blame me, but also praised me again and again. This encouragement and trust made the seeds of "ingenuity" take root in my heart.

  In 2013, I participated in the construction of Dalian Xinghai Bay Bridge. In the construction of the main bridge, in order to ensure the balanced stress of the "two towers and three spans" of the bridge, the accuracy of suspension cable installation is extremely high. Every time we organize survey and lofting, we need to climb to the top of the 120-meter-high cable tower for operation. Because the construction area is more than 1 km offshore, even if it is calm, the towering cable tower will keep swinging. During more than 300 days and nights of bridge construction, I will take the lead to climb to the top of the tower as long as my work requires, and lay points and lines at an altitude of 100 meters, which ensures that all suspension cable installations are completed at one time, and also accumulates experience for similar projects in China.

  Dalian Bay subsea tunnel project is the first immersed tunnel built in the cold sea area in China, and there is no experience for reference. The accuracy of our survey work should be based on the Zhuhai-Macao Bridge in Biaogang, and the out-of-tolerance accuracy should be within 5 cm. To this end, I and the technical center of the third company of No.1 Navigation Bureau have devoted themselves to tackling the problem of "multi-beam sounding system scanning replacing the traditional acceptance method of hydraulic concealed works". In the construction of subsea tunnel, it is normal that the wind and waves bump. However, multi-beam equipment needs to measure strictly according to the horizontal and stable geometric relationship, and the wind and waves greatly affect the accuracy of data. Inspired by the folding umbrella, we proposed to customize the connecting frames for the five sub-instruments of the multi-beam system. After four months of exploration, we finally developed a detachable connector that can be spliced and suitable for any ship type, which made the instrument grow "hands and feet" to grasp the ship’s side and stand firmly on the seabed. Compared with the workload of single-beam equipment of 6 hours, multi-beam equipment only needs 30 minutes, and the out-of-tolerance accuracy reaches the standard of 5 cm.

  Now, I have also become the master of my disciples, and that "ingenuity" seed has been spread to more people’s hearts. I will set an example and teach my disciples to do, love and specialize in one line, so that more young people who are interested in this will embark on the road of becoming talented and serving the country with skills.

Skilled workers have both skillful hands and "ingenious thinking"

Narrator: Liu Li, an oil production worker of Team 48, No.6 Operation Area, No.2 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd.

  I was born and raised in the oil field, and I am a veritable "second generation of oil". After his father retired, he transferred to work in Daqing Oilfield. He once participated in the battle of Daqing Oilfield with Wang Jinxi. "Consolidate your achievements and continue to work hard" is what my father taught me from an early age. In 1993, I entered the "old benchmark" oil production team with excellent style — — Team 48 works.

  At that time, everyone was working hard, and this spirit of striving for the top deeply infected me. In order to master technology better, I always carry a technical book in my bag. I go to the well during the day and try to figure it out against the real thing, and I go home to sort out my notes at night.

  Adding packing and changing belts is our daily work. A belt weighing more than 30 kilograms, I always riveted enough to drag it to the operating table. Although I have worn calluses on my hands, I have become more and more skilled in changing belts, creating a record of changing belts for 15 seconds, which has attracted the admiration of the masters.

  The crowbar, pipe wrench, wrench and screwdriver are my four-piece sets when washing wells, which add up to 15 kilograms. In order to reduce the weight, I changed "four pieces into one piece", and the total weight was reduced to 2.5 kg, which improved the working efficiency.

  After tasting the "sweetness" of innovation, I wondered how to make the sealing ring in the packing box "pop out" automatically. At that time, the sealing ring in the packing box could only be replaced by pinching, which took at least 40 minutes at a time, and the oil production machine had to stop working. Once, I held a tube of lipstick in my hand and slowly turned the bottom of it, and the paste inside gradually exposed, which made me find inspiration at once. So, by disassembling the internal structure of lipstick, I developed the "up-down adjustable packing box", which shortened the operation time by three quarters and prolonged the service life of the filler by six times. Our skilled workers have not only "brute force" but also "ingenuity".

  After 2003, I have a number of identities such as trainer, coach and senior technician, and I have an additional responsibility of training students. In 2011, Liu Li Studio was established. From the initial team of two people, it gradually developed into an innovation and efficiency alliance covering 35 types of work such as oil production and gathering and transportation, with 537 members. Just in March of this year, I was awarded the title of "Artisan of the Great Country of the Year". I have always felt that "luck" is not the only way to become a talent and serve the country with skills. Only with correct thinking, firm will and down-to-earth attitude can we achieve something.

  A few days ago, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a letter to congratulate the first great country craftsman innovation exchange conference. As soon as the news came out, my friends and I were encouraged and competed to forward it. In the future, I will continue to work hard, do a good job of mentoring and continue to pursue my dreams with a new generation of oil people.

Push hard with your heart and let the sound cross the mountains and seas.

Narrator: Zhang Luming, radio communication designer of Guangzhou Haige Communication Group Co., Ltd.

  I have been interested in wireless communication technology since I was a child, and I like playing with the radio. In 1984, at the age of 21, I graduated and came to the predecessor of Guangzhou Haige Communication — — Work in the state-owned 750 factory.

  At that time, the spring breeze of reform blew the land of South Guangdong, and it became the focus of the research team to catch up with the international advanced level. In the process of single board debugging, the frequency index has been unable to meet the requirements of the whole machine. In order to solve this "stuck neck" problem, I led the team to explore and attack day and night. One day, a group of birds chirped away from the telephone pole outside the laboratory window. I looked up at them and happened to find a ceramic insulating connector between the wire and the telephone pole. So I changed my mind, not limited to improving the printed board material itself, but adding high-performance insulating materials between the printed board and key devices. In the end, the problem that plagued the team for several months was solved. This also makes me feel that innovation needs accumulation and persistence.

  For more than 40 years, I have been fortunate to participate in and witness the development of four generations of communication technology in China. My goal is always to send and receive radio waves carrying sound with high fidelity, so that sound can cross mountains and seas.

  In the 1990s, my company was on the verge of bankruptcy. The temptation of high salary once made me want to leave. However, I finally chose to stick to it. In 2000, Hagrid Communications was established. Flexible mechanism construction makes the relationship between enterprises and employees closer. In 2006, Luming Laboratory named after me was established. Today, "Luming Lab" has trained more than 100 technical backbones for Hagrid Communication, and they have successively broken through dozens of key technologies in the communication field, and many technologies have reached the world’s leading level.

  In March of this year, I was elected as "Artisan of the Great Country of the Year" in 2021. What is even more surprising is that on the eve of "May 1st" International Labor Day, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a congratulatory letter to the first great country craftsman innovation exchange conference. I will keep in mind the entrustment of the General Secretary, seize every minute to solve the difficult problems in the field of wireless communication technology, and "make a living and be good at it" to make China famous in the world.

"Local Experts" Running on the Road of Innovation

Narrator: Tan Wenbo, a tool worker and senior technician of China Petroleum Group Western Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd.

  Before I went to work in the oil field, most of my impressions of Xinjiang came from the description in the textbook. My father was also an oil worker. In the era when he worked, the conditions were even more bitter. The older generation of oil people stood up the industrial backbone of the Republic with the spirit of fighting in the world.

  When I first started working, I was thin and small, and I felt very tired in the face of high-intensity labor requirements, so I tried to make some small tools such as levers and zip lines to save my effort. These small productions have effectively improved the work efficiency and planted the seeds of invention and creation for me.

  What really ignited the innovative flame in my heart was an experience of repairing imported equipment. At first, we asked foreign experts to repair it, but when the other party checked it a little, it said that it could not be repaired, and suggested that we replace the whole machine. However, giving up maintenance will have a huge impact on production. I volunteered, holding my breath in my heart: What foreign experts can’t fix, we China mechanics can fix it. So, I asked college students who know foreign languages to consult materials, disassemble machines and reassemble them … … After some repairs, the machine returned to normal. Later, I repaired a number of foreign imported equipment, and my colleagues called me a "soil expert".

  Since then, the idea of "fighting for breath" has driven me to keep advancing on the road of invention and creation. For example, the original cable bridge plug setting tools are imported from abroad, so there are great risks in storage, transportation and use, and the equipment I designed is driven by electro-hydraulic pressure, which can effectively improve production efficiency and safety.

  Along the way, I have won many honors such as "National Model Worker", "The Most Beautiful Worker in China" and "Great Country Craftsman 2018 Person of the Year". But I always feel that I still have a lot to do on the road of technological innovation. It is the older generation of oil people who constantly give us strength. I want to pass on this spirit one by one and lead more skilled people to run faster on the road of innovation.

Carve green water and green mountains to record the beautiful times.

Narrator: Zheng Chunhui, senior arts and crafts artist of Fujian Tenghui Craft Co., Ltd.

  I was born in the countryside and have been interested in artistic creation since I was a child. There is no money to buy paper and pens at home, so I draw on the ground. Later, by coincidence, I began to learn wood carving skills and gradually became a wood carving craftsman.

  In the past, our local woodcarving was mainly about characters, and the landscape was just a foil. But the beautiful mountains and rivers in my hometown always haunt me, and my childhood memories and classical poems I have read always urge me to carve them. So, I began to try to use the composition of landscape painting to create woodcarving with cultural elements such as China’s classical poems.

  I have been thinking about how to integrate traditional skills into modern society. In my eyes, the creation of landscape woodcarving should not only make traditional landscape painting stand up and live, but also reflect the reality and record the times. Later, I spent several years on a camphor tree with a length of more than 12 meters, a height of more than 3 meters and a width of more than 2 meters, and created a picture of the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival with special significance by innovating the techniques of hollow carving, through carving and Putian subtle through carving. Because of the huge volume of the work, it also won a Guinness World Record.

  Unexpectedly, a woodcarving work has become a window to show our traditional skills, history and culture, and also a link to communicate with the world culture.

  In 2020, I was awarded the "Artisan of the Great Country of the Year", and the nine people who won the prize with me were all technical masters from engineering and technical positions. I think this award is actually awarded to the group of folk craftsmen I represent, which represents the praise and affirmation, encouragement and spur of the party and the state to all folk craftsmen.

  I think our fingertips not only inherit traditional skills, but also a craftsman spirit that dares to innovate and be the first. Facing the future, I will certainly live up to the earnest entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, lead more young people who are interested in it, and use our hands to lift more "Made in China" handicrafts to go abroad and amaze the world.

I have been an artist agent for 20 years.

Author | Weinika

Editor | Li Chunhui

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The frequency of hot search on star brokers is getting higher and higher, and it is almost catching up with the star himself.

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However, Wan Gang gave her domestic toothpaste after complaining about her agent, and Adi made a blog explosion to force her to lose weight. In addition, there are a lot of gossip about brokers. Before, Peng Yuchang’s so-called "amateur" girlfriend was exploded as TuTu, the agent of Tianhao Shengshi, and later Jackson Wang was rumored to be the love object of Jiang Zhenyu …

Although it is nothing new for brokers to walk from behind the scenes to the stage, Yang Tianzhen, Hua Du and Long Danni, known as the three godmothers in the entertainment circle, have made great efforts in variety shows this year, and there is a tendency to market themselves as "flow artists".

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And fans also spare no effort to "help" brokers debut, "xx company closed down" is almost the slogan of every fan. It is a daily "exposure" way for brokers and companies to be scolded by fans for their rights protection.?

For example, last month, YCY fans swiped their message in Weibo, demanding the replacement of an unprofessional brokerage team, forcing YCY himself to respond: "I really have no experience in firing the boss … loan operation?"

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Fans are heartbroken, but the agent is not the "retainer" of the artist. But two years ago, in a similar incident, the film and television of the Tang Dynasty came forward for Hugh and fired Hugh’s agent for inaction.

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From the brilliant "star company" Huayi, to the idol brokerage company whose fans are busy "teaching people to be human", artists have been brokerage for 20 years, and the market has changed several times, but the problem has not changed much.

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Film and television companies’ "love and hate" for artists’ brokers

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Everything has to start with the earliest brokerage business of film and television companies in the mainland.

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Film and television companies have unique advantages as artists’ brokers. Actors are an indispensable part in making a drama or film. If you cooperate more, you will sign the actors and form a fixed team of the company. This is the embryonic form of artists’ brokerage in the grass-roots period. Established production companies Huayi, Rongxinda, Hairun, Tangren, Huanrui, Huace and Noon Sunshine are such representatives.

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It should be pointed out that the emperor under the Hong Kong system does not belong to this category. Obviously, the mobility of Emperor artists is far less than that of mainland companies.The emperor’s right to speak for his own artists is also much higher than that of mainland companies. Why is there such a big difference?

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Huayi is a typical representative. In 2000, more than 40 artists, including Fan Bingbing, Li Bingbing, Ren Quan and David, joined Huayi Brothers. They all had the same agent-Wang Jinghua, who was called the first generation of domestic brokers.

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Wang Jinghua’s generation of brokers, also known as nanny brokers, take care of the stars’ filming work and daily life in every possible way, forming a strong emotional bond.

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But such ties are easily broken by interests, and the right to speak has never been in the hands of film and television companies from beginning to end. In addition to acting, stars also have foreign income such as advertising, and the proportion with film and television companies is usually "three or seven points", with film and television companies taking three and stars taking seven.

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Even if Huayi was aware of it, he began to engage in "option incentive" bundling and transferred part of his equity to try to retain artists. But in the turbulent capital market at that time, stars became the object of being chased. They are not satisfied with the small kindness of a little equity. After all, they set up a company casually, and there is a pile of capital rushing to invest.

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Huayi’s 2009 financial report also showed that "artist brokerage and related services" accounted for 20% of the annual income, which had dropped to 8% in 2013, and this business will no longer be displayed in 2014.By 2014, dozens of artists, including Fan Bingbing, Zhou Xun, Zhao Liying and Wang Baoqiang, had terminated their contracts with Huayi.

Huanrui and Tang people also failed to escape this robbery. Yang Yang, Tang Yan and Yang Mi, the famous artists of Huanrui, successively canceled their contracts; There were also two cases in the Tang Dynasty that caused a lot of uproar. After Kenny Lin won the case and terminated the contract successfully, Jiang Jinfu failed to do so, and did not leave until one year later.

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Artists’ brokers make film and television companies love and hate each other, except for the instability caused by the departure of popular artists.In fact, there is a natural contradiction between film and television production and the profit-seeking direction of artists’ brokers.Sunlight at noon, a veteran production company, reluctantly cut the meat and cancelled the artist brokerage business.

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It is inevitable that film and television production seeks to maximize profits and compress film remuneration, but this is contradictory to the pursuit of artists’ agents. At noon, Sunshine always insisted that the actor’s pay should not exceed 1/3 of the total investment. However, as its actors became popular because of the drama, the pay rose, and the problem arose.

Artist brokers are more and more like the "chicken ribs" of film and television companies. Having said that, there are still many popular artists who are their own bosses and go on the old road of "film and television production+artist brokerage". Yang Mi took his own artists to perform Jiaxing’s play, and a film "to the sky kingdom" brushed the faces of many artists, such as "Off the Mirror" Vin, "Little Fox" Dilraba and "Emperor" Vengo.

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However, this star company that relies too much on artists’ brands is more risky than the film and television companies in the grass-roots period. For example, the "Treasure Company" Xitian, its artists Huang Hai Bo, Jiang Jinfu and Wu Xiubo had accidents one after another, and I don’t know what was wrong with Feng Shui.

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Especially in the Internet era, dealing with public relations crisis, publicity and marketing, and fan operation is becoming more and more important, which has spawned a number of pure service-oriented brokerage companies represented by one heart. At the same time, the idol brokerage company, which is quite different from its style, has more and more right to speak, and it has begun to rise a new model of "inverted 37" and "inverted 28"-economic companies get seven and artists get three.

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Traditional brokers and idol brokers have very different discourse rights.

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In 2014, Yang Tianzhen, who worked as a propaganda director in Fan Bingbing’s studio for six years, smelled the smell of "the times have changed" and founded Yixin Entertainment, aiming at caring for all artists as customers.

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Yang Naizhen, who single-handedly transformed Fan Bingbing from a carpet star in Cannes into a "Fan Ye", gave full play to his advantages in the new era. From turning Lu Han and LAY, the four sons who returned to China, into "silly roe deer" and "little sheep", to turning the divorce crisis in Yuqi Zhang into a declaration of "independent women", they all performed brilliantly.

However, the one-dimensional ability has also led to widespread criticism that Yixin’s artists value marketing and despise their works. Lu Han, LAY, Yuqi Zhang and Nana Ou-yang left one after another. Yixin’s business and top management have undergone major adjustments this year, and Yang Tianzhen has also started the business of "plus size women’s wear".

?

Relatively speaking, idol companies based on amateur draft are much less troubled in this respect.Although the contract was cancelled constantly, it won by sea tactics. As long as the draft brand is still there, we can constantly explore new people and deliver fresh blood to the company.

From the TV talent show "Super Girl" in 2004 to the video platform talent show "Creation 101" in 2018, countless trainees and cultivating idol companies have risen, and the times have been magnificent, Lehua, Kunyin, Siba Media and Awakening the East. "Jealous" traditional veteran film and television companies, such as Huace and Emperor, have also begun to send trainees to talent shows.

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Long Danni, the godmother of the draft, also went from Tianyu Media, which is co-operated by Hunan Taiwan, to the establishment of Wow, Wow and Wow, which is deeply bound with Tencent. This kind of company’s contract with amateur stars is always "overbearing". Dong Lei, a lawyer who handled a large number of Tianyu cancellation cases, revealed in an interview:Wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow, wow

?

Sean Xiao, who became popular in The Untamed, suffered from the termination of the contract. Now, although he has set up a personal studio, he is still affiliated with the name of Wow.

There are also a few draft stars who insist on canceling their contracts at huge compensation. There was a 4-year dispute between Chen Chusheng and Tianyu, and the superimposed liquidated damages amounted to 38 million. Later, KUN and the former brokerage company dissolved the contract according to the sea, and was claimed as much as 80 million yuan in liquidated damages. Fortunately, as "ikun" hoped, they lost the case. However, there are still countless unsuccessful cancellations, such as KATTO of Kunyin Entertainment, who was buried in the snow because of the failure to cancel the contract.

?

Speaking of "snow storage", if it weren’t for the idol company’s use of this power on Xiao Aidou, we would have forgotten that this incident, which often happens in Han Yu, Japan and Hong Kong and Taiwan entertainment in its heyday, almost didn’t exist in the mainland.

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Take Japan as an example. How do they manage that the brokerage company can ban a popular artist and stifle the star to run the studio independently?

Rena Nonen, who was popular because of "The Sea Girl", was hidden in the snow by LesPros.

?

Before the 1990s, Japanese TV stations and artists’ offices were just ordinary cooperative relations. In the mid-1990s, Genese’s Tsuyoshi Domoto starred in "Jintianyi Juvenile Notebook" and Kimura Takuya starred in "Long Vacation", which successively won the ratings in 1995 and 1996.

?

The TV station began to use Genese artists, and the firm firmly grasped the right to speak, and began to dominate the production of TV stations, focusing on packaging and launching dramas that meet the image of its artists.

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In fact, this hegemonic relationship is not unbreakable. Once the drama starring Genese artists is overturned, it will shake the dominance of large firms. But magically, because of the existence of the great god Kimura Takuya, almost every series is among the best in ratings, winning 10 titles from 1996 to 2016, which has maintained the ratings myth of Genese Office for nearly 20 years.

?

Because of the right to speak, large firms have laid down unwritten rules for TV stations: no artists who resign from the firms can be used. Once the artists of large firms cancel their contracts, they can’t appear on TV. Artists who dare not cancel their contracts are mostly "fish" at the mercy of any firm, and their salary level is about equal to that of ordinary civil servants. An artist who cancels his contract, no matter how popular, has no chance to play. For example, Hikari Mitsushima, who was called "the four great actresses of the new generation" by Tokyo Film Festival, left the club empty for two years.

?

On the other hand, at home, it is the other extreme. Stars always hold the right to speak in their own hands, whether they are nanny brokers or service brokers. Popular actors and idols love beans, and most of them stand on their own feet and are not bound to any company. At most, only a part of the brokerage contract, such as film and television, fashion, etc., will be handed over to a certain company for operation.

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We have entered the retail era with many studios.

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Retail era:

With the rise of online drama brokerage companies, the right to speak on the platform is dominant

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The Japanese entertainment industry has broken the hegemony of brokerage companies and TV stations to some extent because of the entry of streaming media such as Netflix. Hikari Mitsushima’s younger brother, Shinnosuke Mitsushima, left the club with his sister, and even though he was banned by the TV station, he could also appear in online dramas such as Naked Supervision produced by Netflix and Song of Curry produced by bilibili.

In China, where streaming media is developing more rapidly than in Japan, video websites have gradually mastered the right to speak in the film and television circle."The brokerage company is not important, mainly depends on the artist." A casting director in the circle broke the embarrassing situation of the brokerage company.Artist brokers seem to have entered an era that is even more "chicken ribs" than the grass-roots period.

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The main decision-making power of "watching artists" lies in the platform. Nowadays, from established film and television companies to emerging online drama production companies, most of them are working for the platform.

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Internet platforms select artists and pay most attention to data and product matching. According to the artist’s coffee spot, match the online dramas of different orders of magnitude on the platform. Light weight and sweet pet drama made Hu Yi Tian, Li Xian, Steven Zhang and Ding Yuxi popular overnight.

And these "husbands" come from different brokerage companies, and the retail era seems to have created a prosperous scene of "a hundred schools of thought contend". Although there are many brokerage companies and individual studios, the online drama production companies behind the platform still follow the old path of Huayi and Huanrui, and develop their own artist brokerage business, such as Kung Fu Zhen Yan, Wuyuan Culture and Linghe Jiayi.

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After all, these quality production companies have won the trust of the platform and have a certain right to speak. They also want to win the popularity of their own artists and share a piece of the artist broker’s soup.

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However, the legacy of history can only be repaired at any time, and there can be no complete solution. For example, the contradiction between artists’ termination, tainted artists and artists’ income and compressed production costs. The new situation is that under the background that idol brokers such as Siba Media have turned to film and television production, film and television production companies have lost the advantage of "many people" in front of idol brokers who mass-produce amateur stars every year.

?

And what kind of power relationship will be formed between the platform and these star retail investors in the future, we may get a glimpse from the rumors that Leo and Allen were banned.

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Harbin "Crazy Big Truck" Survey! 122 leading cadres and public officials were involved in the case.

       CCTV News:Recently, in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, when it comes to big trucks, it gives people the impression that they are reckless and crazy, overloading, speeding, exceeding the limit, running red lights, etc., and major traffic accidents often occur. So why are big trucks so crazy? What kind of secret is hidden behind madness?

       Open the network search, enter "Harbin crazy big truck", and hundreds of thousands of links pop up one after another — — "A crazy truck in Harbin ‘ Pressure explosion ’ 150-ton scale, only three days, 10 people were killed in a big truck accident, and the big truck was still crazy at night, ignoring the red light and roaring in groups.

one

       There are many illegal accidents such as overloading, overrun and speeding of "crazy big trucks"

       The reporter visited and found that the big trucks in Harbin are really crazy, and there are many problems. The most common problem is overloading. These big trucks driving in urban areas mainly haul residual soil, so why should these residual soil trucks be overloaded?   

       Zheng Xin, a staff member of the "1023" task force of the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, said: "Normally, the hauling price of a residual soil vehicle should be about 30 yuan/ton, and the market is vicious competition. The transportation units of these residual soil vehicles will push this price to about 20 yuan/ton, resulting in overloading of large trucks, which is more than 100%."

       Why does the public security traffic management department, which is mainly responsible for supervision, turn a blind eye to the fact that large trucks are so rampant and endanger the lives and property of ordinary people? Gong Bin, a staff member of the "1023" task force of the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, said: "If you don’t have the permission of the traffic police, it is impossible to run on the road, and you have not obtained ‘ Protection ’ It is impossible to run. "

       Special roads help the "crazy big truck" unimpeded.

       On October 23, 2017, the Supervision Committee of the Harbin Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection set up a joint task force to investigate the umbrellas behind large trucks. After half a year’s investigation and evidence collection, these umbrellas hidden behind for many years gradually surfaced.

       According to the clue, a man named "Erbaozi" caught the attention of the task force. This man has a complex network in the traffic police system, claiming to be the driver of Wang, deputy detachment leader of Harbin Public Security Traffic Police Detachment, Heilongjiang Province, and traveling to and from traffic police brigades in various jurisdictions to provide "so-called" care and protection for the illegal behavior of crazy trucks. After investigation, the original name of "Erbaozi" was Sun, and the one who protected him behind him was Wang, deputy detachment leader of Harbin Public Security Traffic Police Detachment. In 2014, Sun had contracted transportation projects.

       The suspect Sun Mou: "Write a piece of paper on the windshield of that car. At that time, the piece of Xiangfang was called Tongxiang Store, which meant that it lived in Tongxiang Store. Then this means that when it passed by, there was a jurisdiction. Xiangfang (traffic police brigade) said hello and finished talking with him. When he (police) saw this card, he basically stopped (the car)."

       In addition to providing protection for Sun’s motorcade, Wang also provided protection for the illegal operation of many motorcades, and personally instructed the motorcades for which he sought protection.

       Relevant departments in Harbin have strict regulations on the running route and running time of large trucks. Large trucks are allowed to pass from 10: 00 pm to 5: 00 the next day. For Wang’s personal instructions, as long as he shows the road signs, he can be unimpeded throughout the city and carry out unlimited transportation.

       So what kind of benefits will Wang get from providing protection for the illegal operation of large trucks and instructing the road? Gong Bin, a staff member of the "1023" task force of the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province: "In 2014, Sun participated in an earthwork transportation project in Huixiong era in Xiangfang District on behalf of Wang, and got a special car insurance fee of more than 400,000. Of course, more than 200,000 of them entered Wang’s pocket."

       On June 1, 2018, the nangang district Court of Harbin held a public hearing to hear the case of Wang’s alleged bribery and introduction of bribery.

       Is it just Wang’s problem that these big trucks operate crazily and illegally? After the investigation by the task force, what is even more shocking is that on the issue of umbrella for large trucks, there are illegal, disciplinary and even criminal problems in all teams under the jurisdiction of Harbin Public Security Traffic Police Detachment in Heilongjiang Province.

       In 2011, Guo of Harbin contracted a construction waste transportation project. However, before the project started to transport, a police car came at the door of the construction site. In order to start the project normally, Guo found Ming, the captain of Guxiang, Harbin Public Security Traffic Police Detachment at that time, through various relationships, and prepared to send money to clear the relationship.

       Zheng Xin, a staff member of the "1023" task force of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province: "(Guo) took 20,000 yuan and went to Ming’s office. At first glance, Ming said, you are hauling residual soil here. I know, but I can’t accept the money. Go back to work. In this way, Guo will get on the bridge with Ming. " Ming did not accept Guo’s money, but in order to get Ming’s care for future projects, Guo wanted to make further contact with Ming.

       Gong Bin, a staff member of the "1023" task force of the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province: "In the process of drinking, Ming said such a thing. It is a long way to go to work in Guxiang and I want to buy a house here."

       Guo thought that he would have to ask him in the future, and he promised to buy a property near a certain unit in Ming and replace it with the house where Ming originally lived. So, with 1.1 million cash, Guo went to the sales office to pay the house payment directly, and then left the house holder under the name of Ming’s wife.

       Later, in addition to returning 50,000 yuan in cash to Guo, Ming paid Guo two houses in Sanya and Harbin at a price of 2.05 million yuan. Guo deducted 110 yuan paid for Ming and gave him 1 million yuan in cash. Under the "care" of Ming, more than 20 cars of Guo were always overloaded, and one car was not detained.

       Gong Bin, a staff member of the "1023" task force of the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, said: "Ming bought real estate at a low price and sold it to the bosses of these concrete companies or earthwork companies at a high price through Guo. For such a house, he exceeded the (market) price by 400,000 to 500,000 and gained his own benefits." In this way, through the above various means, in just a few years, Ming made a lot of illegal profits.

       The captain abused his power, lowered the punishment standard, and violated the rules and regulations.

       In addition, through investigation, the task force also found that the patrol brigade of Harbin Public Security Traffic Police Detachment, which can enforce the law throughout the city, also has problems in dealing with illegal acts of large trucks.

       Generally, the illegal overloading of truck drivers is more than 50%, and the least is more than 30%. According to the regulations, a fine of 1,000 yuan is required, and 6 points are deducted. In order not to affect the normal transportation business, illegal truck drivers will go to the traffic police team to find Li, the deputy head of the patrol brigade, and Luo, the head of the violation handling department, after receiving administrative punishment, in order to avoid punishment or mitigate punishment.

       After receiving the instructions from the leaders, the two policemen in the Violation Section changed the evidence of administrative compulsory measures against the illegal facts, and forged the archival materials to achieve the purpose of reducing the punishment for the traffic offenders. Relevant personnel collect benefits from illegal drivers to varying degrees. In order to protect the illegal operation of large trucks, Li also illegally used the authorization of the public security traffic police system to privately delete the illegal behavior of large trucks photographed by electronic surveillance.

       In recent years, when illegal large trucks are operating, some car-protecting gangs seek protection through Harbin traffic police teams, while some illegal large trucks, through squadrons under traffic police brigades in various jurisdictions, extensively weave their networks, carry out illegal interests and seek protection.

       Through unannounced visits, the task force found that in all areas of Harbin, there are traffic police duty points with squadrons as units, and a large number of illegal trucks pass by, and they pass by motorcades as units.

       Power and money collude with car protection gangs to help big trucks unimpeded.

       Liu Yixiu, a staff member of the "1023" task force of the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, said: "Car guarantors organize transportation in the name of an earthwork company and a transportation company, but there must be car guarantors behind them, and they all have to get through with the traffic police department personnel who need transportation routes and which regions are involved along the way."

       Among these car gangs, a man named Jiang, whose motorcade attracted the attention of the task force, turned a blind eye to most police officers on duty when there were illegal acts in the area where the motorcade passed. How did Jiang get through the relationship and let the illegal vehicles of the team be exempted from punishment? The task force found that Jiang charged a certain fee to the owner who sought to protect the car, and then paid bribes to 21 traffic police along the route of the team, ranging from 500 yuan to 10,000 yuan.

       Dig deep behind the umbrella through the car protection gang

       At the beginning of 2018, during the inspection of large trucks, the task force banned the scene of illegal large trucks, which was often followed by members of relevant car insurance gangs. This has brought many obstacles to the investigation of the case. The task force coordinated the public security and dispatched criminal investigation forces. After a large number of evidence collection, it controlled the leaders of car insurance gangs on charges of allegedly interfering in law enforcement and forced trading. Six car insurance gangs, including Sun Mou and Jiang Mou, surfaced one after another.

       After more than seven months of investigation, on June 26, 2018, the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province issued a notice of discipline inspection and supervision. In response to the problem of "crazy big trucks" strongly reflected by the masses, the Supervision Committee of the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection dug deep and thoroughly investigated, and destroyed six "car gangs" involved in evil, and investigated and dealt with 122 leading cadres and public officials who acted as "protective umbrellas", 11 of whom were transferred to judicial organs for legal treatment.

Central Bank and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission: Financial support for housing leasing should adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation.

  CCTV News:According to the website of the People’s Bank of China, the People’s Bank of China and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission publicly solicited opinions on "Opinions on Financial Support for the Development of Housing Leasing Market (Draft for Comment)". Soliciting opinions, it is proposed to focus on supporting the development of specialized and large-scale housing leasing enterprises with self-sustaining properties. Financial support for housing leasing should adhere to the position that houses are used for living, not for speculation, and focus on supporting self-sustaining property-based housing leasing enterprises with independent legal person operation, clear business boundaries and real estate professional investment and management capabilities, so as to promote their large-scale and intensive operation and improve the supply capacity and operation level of long-term rental housing. Details are as follows:

Opinions on financial support for the development of housing rental market

(Draft for Comment)

  In order to thoroughly implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, support the accelerated establishment of a housing system with multi-agent supply, multi-channel guarantee and simultaneous rent and purchase, cultivate and develop the housing rental market, and promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market, according to the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of the Housing Rental Market (Guo Ban Fa)

  [2016] No.39) and "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Affordable Rental Housing" (Guo Ban Fa [2021] No.22), we now put forward the following opinions on financial support for the development of the housing rental market:

  I. Basic Principles and Requirements

  (1) Support the structural reform of the supply side of housing leasing. Financial support for housing leasing should focus on the key points and aim at the shortcomings, mainly in big cities, focusing on solving the housing problems of new citizens, young people and other groups, supporting all kinds of subjects to build and rebuild long-term rental housing, revitalizing existing housing, and effectively increasing the supply of affordable and commercial rental housing.

  (two) focus on supporting the development of specialized and large-scale housing leasing enterprises with self-sustaining properties. Financial support for housing leasing should adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation, and focus on supporting self-sustaining property-based housing leasing enterprises that operate as independent legal persons, have clear business boundaries, and have real estate professional investment and management capabilities to promote their regulations.

  Modular and intensive management to improve the supply capacity and operation level of long-term rental housing.

  (3) Establish and improve the financial support system for housing leasing. Financial support for housing leasing should be based on market allocation, providing diversified, multi-level and full-cycle financial products and financial service systems for the investment, development, operation and management of leased housing, with complete market functions, balanced structure and orderly competition.

  — — Financial institutions have a reasonable division of labor. Commercial finance should meet the reasonable financing needs of all kinds of rental housing subjects in accordance with the principles of legal compliance, controllable risks and sustainable business. Policy finance and development finance are limited to providing financing for the development, construction and operation of affordable rental housing on the premise of meeting the functional orientation and business scope.

  — — Financial product innovation norms. Housing lease credit products should have clear functions, reasonable term and interest rate pricing, perfect risk evaluation and post-loan management. Direct financing products should be simple and clear in structure, sound and effective in market restraint and operation mechanism, transparent in product pricing, and true and compliant in capital use.

  — — Optimization of credit and capital market allocation. The credit market mainly meets the needs of various entities to develop and build rental housing, as well as the liquidity and daily operation of housing rental enterprises. The capital market focuses on the development of long-term financing tools for housing rental investment. The credit market and the capital market can be coordinated and reasonably connected according to the income and risk characteristics of different links of housing leasing.

  Two, strengthen the innovation of housing rental credit products and service models

  (four) to increase credit support for the development and construction of rental housing. Support commercial banks to issue development and construction loans to real estate development enterprises, industrial parks, rural collective economic organizations, enterprises and institutions and other entities to build or rebuild long-term rental housing.

  Payment. The proportion of project capital for rental housing construction should not be less than 20% of the total investment of development projects, and the loan period is generally 3 years, and the longest is not more than 5 years. Commercial banks should establish a perfect loan approval mechanism and risk management mechanism for development and construction according to the cash flow of various entities and the risk characteristics of real estate development, so as to improve the efficiency and management level of loan approval.

  (V) Innovative groups purchase rental housing credit products in bulk. For enterprises and qualified institutions to purchase idle houses in batches according to laws and regulations for dormitory-type affordable rental housing, and specialized large-scale housing leasing enterprises to purchase idle houses in batches according to laws and regulations for affordable rental housing or commercial rental housing for long-term operation, commercial banks are encouraged to issue rental housing group purchase loans on the premise that risks are controllable, businesses are sustainable and implicit debts of local governments are not added. Commercial housing and commercial housing purchased with loans should be houses with clear legal relationship and completed acceptance. During the loan period, the rental purpose of the house shall not be changed. Leased housing groups purchase loans for a maximum period of not more than 30 years, and the loan amount shall not exceed 80% of the assessed value of the property in principle.

  (six) support the issuance of housing rental business loans. If a housing leasing enterprise manages long-term rental housing with its own property rights, the term of the housing leasing business loan shall not exceed 20 years, and the loan amount shall not exceed 80% of the assessed value of the property in principle, which can be used to replace the loan for early development and construction of the property. For the non-proprietary rental housing formed by the housing leasing enterprises in accordance with the law and in compliance with the transformation of industrial plants, commercial office buildings and villages in the city, the term of operating loans shall not exceed 5 years, and the loan amount shall not exceed 70% of the total rent receivable within the loan period in principle.

  Commercial banks should carry out due diligence investigation on the legal compliance of the operation and management of leased housing, the rental level and occupancy rate of leased housing, and the professional ability, financial status and continuous prudent operation of housing leasing enterprises, and design the loan term, interest rate and repayment method reasonably in combination with the operation and risk characteristics of housing leasing enterprises.

  Housing leasing enterprises should take rental income as the first source of repayment. If the housing leasing enterprise has clear other repayment sources, commercial banks can issue pledge and mortgage loans, but the legal risks of pledge and mortgage should be carefully evaluated to ensure the enforceability of pledge and mortgage. On the premise of compliance with laws and regulations, commercial banks are encouraged to issue credit loans according to the credit standing and operating conditions of housing leasing enterprises.

  Explore the role of policy housing finance, support housing leasing enterprises to hold and operate affordable rental housing for a long time, and give priority to meeting the housing rental needs of eligible new citizens, young people and other groups.

  (seven) innovative comprehensive financial services for housing leasing related enterprises. Encourage commercial banks to actively explore financial service models and financial products suitable for the needs of enterprises related to housing leasing, and provide comprehensive financial solutions such as account opening, settlement, consultation and cash management to housing leasing construction and operation enterprises, housing leasing brokerage institutions and housing leasing management service platforms.

  Third, broaden the diversified investment and financing channels in the housing rental market

  (eight) to enhance the ability of financial institutions to put in housing rental loans. Support commercial banks to issue financial bonds for housing leasing, and raise funds specifically to increase the investment of housing leasing development and construction loans and operating loans.

  (9) Broaden bond financing channels for housing leasing enterprises. Support housing leasing enterprises

  Industry issued debt financing instruments, corporate bonds, corporate bonds, earmarked for rental housing construction, purchase and operation. Encourage the optimization of bond issuance process, improve the issuance efficiency of housing lease bonds, and provide financing facilities for housing lease enterprises.

  (10) CoveredBond for innovative housing lease. If the rental housing owned and operated by the housing leasing enterprise has a sustained and stable cash flow, the property mortgage can be used as a credit enhancement, and housing lease guarantee bonds can be issued. Housing lease guarantee bonds are included in the bond management framework.

  (eleven) the steady development of real estate investment trust funds (REITs). Steadily promote the pilot work of real estate investment trust funds (REITs), and raise funds for housing leasing enterprises to hold and operate long-term rental housing under the premise of controlling risks. Support real estate investment trust funds (REITs) share trading circulation, promote long-term stable operation, and prevent short-term speculation. Give priority to supporting xiong’an new area, Hainan Free Trade Port, Shenzhen Socialism with Chinese characteristics Pilot Demonstration Zone and other key areas supported by national policies and big cities with net population inflow to carry out real estate investment trust funds (REITs) pilot projects, and provide financial support for enterprises that use all kinds of construction land (including collective construction land, idle land owned by enterprises and institutions, etc.) to build, hold and operate long-term rental housing according to laws and regulations.

  (twelve) to guide all kinds of social funds to invest in the field of housing leasing in an orderly manner. Support financial institutions, asset management products and other market entities to standardize investment in financial products related to housing leasing. Encourage housing leasing enterprises and professional asset management institutions to hold and operate rental housing for a long time through real estate investment trusts (REITs). Support long-term funds such as insurance funds to invest in the housing rental market. Encourage housing leasing enterprises and finance.

  Institutions use interest rate derivatives to hedge related interest rate risks.

  Four, strengthen and improve the financial management of housing rental.

  (thirteen) strict housing leasing financial business boundaries. Housing leasing financial business should be strictly positioned to support the development of housing leasing market and not provide financing for short-term speculation. Housing rental financial products and services should be clearly distinguished from those of non-rental housing. It is strictly forbidden to finance non-rental housing in the name of supporting housing rental, and it is strictly forbidden to use housing rental financial products for commercial real estate development in violation of regulations. Financial institutions should establish and improve relevant business systems, strengthen compliance review and evaluation, and ensure prudent and compliant business.

  (fourteen) to strengthen the management of housing rental credit funds. Commercial banks and other institutions should strictly review housing lease credit and post-loan management, strengthen the investigation and tracking of borrowers, project attributes and the authenticity of loan purposes, ensure that loan funds are used for housing lease construction and operation in accordance with the agreed purposes, and effectively prevent risks such as misappropriation and cashing out of funds. If the lease property of the project or the use of the house is changed during the loan period, the loan shall be recovered in time.

  (fifteen) standardize the innovation of direct financing products for housing leasing. The direct financing products of housing lease should have excellent quality of basic assets, simple structure, clear legal relationship, open and transparent information and legal compliance with the use of funds. Relevant acceptance departments should clarify the business model of housing leasing enterprises, the use of raised funds and other policies and audit requirements, improve information disclosure and post-supervision management, take effective measures to ensure that raised funds are used for related activities such as rental housing construction and operation, and shall not be diverted for other purposes.

  (sixteen) to prevent financial risks of housing leasing. Commercial banks, etc. lease housing.

  Institutions providing financing should establish and improve relevant systems, strengthen compliance review and evaluation, and ensure prudent and compliant business. Standardize the management of financing subjects, formulate clear access standards, and implement list management for non-personal objects. Limit the debt level of all kinds of housing leasing enterprises and real estate development enterprises holding leased housing to ensure that their asset-liability ratio remains in a moderate range. Strengthen the monitoring of the operation and management, financial status and the use of funds of housing leasing enterprises. If housing leasing enterprises violate the loan contract, they should promptly take effective measures such as accelerating liquidation and collecting loans in advance to resolve risks.

  Housing leasing enterprises must complete the relevant filing work on the housing leasing management service platform established by the housing and urban-rural construction department before financing. For direct financing products of housing leasing, we should fully reveal the risks related to housing leasing business and real estate market, establish and improve the risk early warning and disposal mechanism, and protect the interests of investors.

  (seventeen) the establishment of housing rental financial monitoring and evaluation system. The People’s Bank of China took the lead in establishing a special statistical system for housing leasing finance, strengthened the statistics, investigation and monitoring analysis of housing leasing financial products, and explored the establishment of a policy-oriented effect evaluation system for housing leasing special credit. Relevant departments should strengthen the sharing of information related to housing leasing and give full play to the joint efforts of supervision.

  The Shanghai headquarters of the People’s Bank of China, branches, business management departments, city center branches of provincial capitals and sub-provincial city center branches are requested to forward this opinion to relevant institutions within their respective jurisdictions together with the Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau of their respective provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and coordinate the implementation of this opinion.

Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: There will be no food crisis in China, and we must ensure that there is no shortage of meat in the bowls of ordinary people.

Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Han Changfu

Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Han Changfu

  food security

  "The grain has been harvested year after year, the stocks are abundant, the rations are absolutely safe, and the rice bowl is in your hand." On the 22nd, at the first "Ministerial Channel" of the National People’s Congress this year, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Han Changfu gave a "reassurance" on the issue of food security, and answered questions from reporters on social hot topics such as the situation of grain production, the production and supply of live pigs, and the development of poverty alleviation industries.

  The grain has been harvested year after year, and the stocks are abundant. The rations are absolutely safe.

  Regarding whether there will be a food crisis in China, Han Changfu gave a clear answer that there will be no food crisis in China. He said that "the grain has been harvested year after year, the stocks are abundant, the rations are absolutely safe, and the rice bowl is in the hand."

  Han Changfu said that our country has had a bumper harvest of grain for more than ten years in a row, and it has remained above 1.3 trillion Jin for five consecutive years. Now the per capita grain possession in the country is far higher than the food safety standard line issued by the FAO. Two major rations — — The self-sufficiency rate of rice and wheat is 100%, and the output stored for more than one year is enough for the people of the whole country to eat for one year.

  Judging from the current production scheduling, the overall situation of agricultural production is still very good. Spring sowing has been completed by 90%, and the area is stable and has increased. It is expected to be above 910 million mu, and it is basically planted in the high-yield period. Early rice increased by 4.7 million mu this year, reaching a total of 71 million mu, achieving a recovery growth. In particular, the growth of summer grain wheat is better than normal this year. Whether it is the number of ears per mu, the number of grains per ear or the expected 1000-grain weight, it is generally good, so it can be said that a bumper harvest is in sight.

  Han Changfu said that in the next step, we should pay special attention to the following links: First, we should strengthen disaster prevention and mitigation, and prevent major pests and meteorological disasters such as meadow moth. Second, do a good job in policy implementation, including raising the minimum purchase price of rice and purchasing it in time to protect farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain. Third, it is necessary to put grain storage on the ground and grain storage technology into practice. This year, we will complete the construction of 80 million mu of high-standard farmland. In short, this year’s grain production will not be relaxed, and we must make every effort to ensure that the grain output is stable at 1.3 trillion Jin.

  Pig production is expected to return to the perennial level this year.

  The price of meat will not rise again.

  With regard to the pork price that people are most concerned about, Han Changfu said that the wholesale market has dropped slightly for 13 consecutive weeks, down by 23% compared with the peak, and the price per kilogram has generally dropped by 12 yuan.

  Regarding the production and supply of live pigs, Han Changfu said that the current recovery momentum of live pig production is good, and the realization of this year’s live pig production target can be expected. On the market side, due to the relatively good market conditions and the high enthusiasm of market participants, the investment in pig raising is increasing, many new pig farms are built, and the momentum is still very good. According to this trend, it is still very promising to achieve the goal of pig production recovery this year, that is, to basically return to the normal level. With the recovery of pig production, the price of pork in the market outlook will not rise sharply again.

  Han Changfu said that if we persist, the situation of pig production and supply will definitely improve significantly. In addition, the current production situation of cattle, sheep and poultry is also very good. Through hard work, we will ensure that there is no shortage of meat in the bowls of ordinary people.

  Appeal to all sectors of society

  Buy more agricultural products from poor areas.

  Han Changfu said that in recent years, industrial poverty alleviation has become the measure with the widest coverage and the largest number of poor people. According to statistics, 832 poverty-stricken counties in China basically have leading industries, and poor villages with conditions have established characteristic industrial bases. Now there are more than 100,000 such industrial bases in China. About two-thirds of the people out of poverty are lifted out of poverty by going out to work and developing industries to increase their income.

  Han Changfu believes that this year is the year of decisive battle against poverty, and industrial poverty alleviation should continue to contribute, and after poverty alleviation, industrial development in poverty-stricken areas cannot be interrupted.

  "To make agricultural products in poverty-stricken areas really go out of the village and enter the city, not only can they be sold, but they must also be sold at a good price." Han Changfu said that this is the next step to be solved. It is necessary to connect wholesale markets, e-commerce platforms and leading enterprises with poor areas. Through industrial development, driving poor farmers to increase their income can not only increase their income at present, but also increase their income for a long time; Not only can we get rid of poverty, but we can also get rich.

  Han Changfu also called on all sectors of society to buy more agricultural products from poverty-stricken areas and love consumption.

Ma Weiwei’s self-exposure and entrepreneurship ruined her face value?

1905 movie network news On January 7th, the film held a campus meeting with the theme of "It’s hard to grow, but persistence is burning" in Renmin University of China. Director Guan Xiu, founder of Miguo Culture Ma Weiwei, founder of Xinyao Jinxing, founder of Lagou Recruitment Xu Dan and grassroots entrepreneur An Chuandong attended the event, and they shared their entrepreneurial experiences and experiences with the students present.

 

According to Guan Xiu, the film "Burning Point" took 14 months to shoot, focusing on the entrepreneurial process of 14 well-known entrepreneurs, including Luo Yonghao, founder of Hammer Technology, Dai Wei, founder of ofo sharing bicycles, papi sauce, co-founder of papitube, and the main creative guests present. "Into their highlight moment, also entered their dark moment. Being happy with them is also uncomfortable. "Guan Xiu said that it is very difficult to start a business now. She reminded college students to bravely meet setbacks and challenges once they choose to start a business.

 

When Ma Weiwei is mentioned, most people will think of "Qipa as a debater", but now she is still an entrepreneur in the field of "knowledge payment". As soon as she took the stage that night, Ma Weiwei ridiculed that starting a business was very damaging, which made her gain 40 pounds at once. She also revealed that she was a depressed patient, and Qiu Chen, who started a business with her, had to see a psychiatrist twice a week. Although the road to starting a business is extremely difficult and dangerous, and there have been countless disputes and crying with partners, she is still excited about the future because of her ideal support, and she will continue to die.

 

Ma Weiwei said that she wanted to be a writer when she was a child. Although she didn’t realize her dream, she is now doing "knowledge payment" to help writers improve the commercial value of the production content. "Entrepreneurship can enlarge her childhood dream." She gave this sentence to the college students present, and warned them not to concentrate on striving for the upper reaches when entering the workplace, but to accept the tempering from the bottom before they can grow tenaciously.

 

At the meeting, other film masters also talked about the bitterness and bitterness in the process of starting a business. Venus, the founder of New Oxygen, believes that the essence of entrepreneurship is patience and suffering, and the sense of happiness is particularly low, but it can bring high achievement and satisfaction, which is suitable for people who love challenges and difficulties. Xu Dan, the founder of Lagou Recruitment, suggested that new graduates should not start businesses easily, and encouraged them to study and exercise their abilities in entrepreneurial companies first. An Chuandong, an alumnus of the National People’s Congress and a grassroots entrepreneur, has experienced two entrepreneurial failures. He admits that entrepreneurship is constant growth and experience for him. He always adheres to the school motto of seeking truth from facts and firmly believes that fate is in his own hands.

 

It is reported that the film "Ignition Point" will be released nationwide on January 11, 2019.

International gold price hit a record high. Can gold consumption continue to "buy in buy buy"?

Up, up, up! International gold price hit a record high!

Brand gold jewelry is approaching 690 yuan per gram, can gold consumption continue to be "bought in buy buy"?

Last week, the soaring gold price rushed to Weibo for hot search. As of the close of March 29th, Shanghai Gold Futures closed up 2.56% to 531.3 yuan/gram, and the intraday price was 532.54 yuan/gram, a record high. Overnight, the international gold price hit another record high, and COMEX gold futures hit a record high of $2,256.9 per ounce.

The price of domestic brand gold jewelry has also risen. Yangzi Evening News/Zi Niu News reporter visited many brand gold jewelry stores in Nanjing and learned that the price of Chow Tai Fook’s jewelry gold has risen to 686 yuan/gram, and the price of investment gold bars is 616 yuan/gram. Can residents continue to buy gold in buy buy? What should I pay attention to when investing in gold?

Every gram of gold jewelry approaches the gold shop of 690 yuan shopping mall to launch "activity price"

On March 31st, the reporter of Yangzi Evening News saw at the scene of several chain brands’ gold shops such as Xinjiekou and Taiping South Road that all brands have launched a certain amount of double-weekend promotion activities, and some brands have a preferential margin of 99 yuan per gram.

At the counter of Chow Tai Fook in Xinjiekou Store, the price of jewelry gold and investment gold bars in the store is 686 yuan/gram and 616 yuan/gram respectively. The basic gold price of the old temple is 688 yuan/gram, and the activity price is reduced by 60 yuan per gram. In addition, you can enjoy the 120 yuan Meituan coupon; Chow Tai Fook’s basic gold price is 686 yuan, minus 30 yuan per gram (at the same time, you can buy US group coupons, and then give a discount of one or two hundred yuan on the basis of the total price); Lao Fengxiang’s basic gold price is 686 yuan, and the preferential activity price is reduced by 60 yuan per gram. Together with the promotional activities launched by the store, the final preferential margin is reduced by 99 yuan per gram. The basic gold price of an old temple gold shop in Taiping South Road is 688 yuan/gram, with a discount of 75 yuan per gram, and the wages are calculated separately.

In the old temple gold shop on Taiping South Road, a bride who is to be married in May told reporters that the price of gold has risen too fast recently and decided to let her husband buy gold jewelry with a lower gram, saying that she would not follow suit. As for whether gold jewelry will continue to rise, the salesperson said: "Gold costs one price a day, and the listing price of gold jewelry is often adjusted. We can’t say this. Recently, the price of gold has risen a bit. "

Why is the price of gold "rising"? What should I pay attention to when investing in gold?

Why has the international gold price kept rising recently? Bai Wenxi, vice chairman of China Enterprise Capital Alliance, said in an interview that the main reasons are as follows: First, the dollar is expected to weaken. As a credit currency, the value of US dollar is negatively correlated with the price of gold. The loose monetary policy and expansionary fiscal policy in the United States release a large amount of dollar liquidity, which may lead to the weakening of the dollar, and then push up the price of gold; Second, central banks in many countries began to increase gold as reserve assets, which intensified the demand for gold and promoted the rise of gold prices; Third, the uncertainty of the global economic and political situation has increased the market demand for safe-haven assets such as gold; Fourth, the expected interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve and the decline of the US dollar index also pushed up the price of gold.

For gold jewelry with rising prices, Bai Wenxi reminded that the price of gold jewelry usually includes higher processing and design costs, which may affect its return on investment. Therefore, personal needs and investment purposes should be considered when buying gold jewelry.

So, for ordinary people, what do you need to pay attention to when investing in gold bars? Guo Tao, an angel investor and a special researcher at the Research Center for E-Commerce of NetEconomy, Social Security and Economics, believes that in the short term, the international gold price generally shows an upward trend. In the first quarter and the second quarter, the gold price was driven by economic weakening and risk-averse factors, showing a strong trend, which does not rule out the possibility of hitting a new record high, but even traditional risk-averse assets such as gold cannot completely avoid risks. Investors should be cautious, don’t blindly follow the trend, and consider long-term investment.

Bai Wenxi said that in addition to gold bars, other ways for ordinary people to invest in gold can consider financial derivatives such as gold ETF (exchange traded fund), gold futures and gold options, as well as gold accumulation business. Each method has its own characteristics and risks, so it is suggested to conduct sufficient market research and risk assessment before investing.

Extended reading

Can gold stocks catch up?

Experts remind: the risk is high after the sharp rise.

Boosted by the higher gold price, the precious metals sector in the A-share market collectively closed up. As of the close of March 29th, Chifeng Gold (600988.SH) had a daily limit, Shandong Gold (600547.SH) rose by nearly 8%, Yintai Gold (000975.SZ), Zhongjin Gold (600489.SH) and Hunan Gold (00219).

Traders said that it is necessary to be alert to the risk of callback after the stock price of gold stocks has soared.

A number of listed companies in the gold sector recently disclosed the 2023 annual report. The 2023 annual report released by Shandong Gold on the evening of March 28th showed that during the reporting period, the company recorded revenue of 59.275 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.83%. The net profit of returning to the mother was 2.328 billion yuan, up 86.57% year-on-year.

The 2023 annual report disclosed by Zijin Mining (601899.SH) recently showed that the operating income during the reporting period was 293.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9%; The net profit of returning to the mother was about 21.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5%.

The Wells Fargo Fund pointed out that in the short term, there is a risk of shock after the sharp rise in gold prices; In the medium and long term, the logic of gold rising is still sufficient. First of all, in 2024, with the gradual realization of the expectation of interest rate cuts in the United States, the downward trend of real interest rates is expected to push up the price of gold; Secondly, there is still great uncertainty in geopolitics, and the value of gold allocation as a safe-haven asset continues to be prominent.

China’s economy is striding forward in the keywords of "expansion", "intensive", "busyness" and "growth"

  CCTV News:Since 2024, China has accelerated its layout in many places, and created low-altitude economic application scenarios and development paths through policy support and effective measures. As a strategic emerging industry competing globally, the "low-altitude economy" is accelerating its integration into all walks of life, and its market scale is growing. According to estimates, the scale of China’s low-altitude economy is expected to exceed one trillion yuan in 2026.

  Beijing plans to open more than three low-altitude routes facing the surrounding areas.

  《2024— The 2027 Beijing Action Plan for Promoting the High-quality Development of Low-altitude Economic Industries recently publicly solicited opinions from the public. It plans to add more than 10 application scenarios around emergency rescue, logistics and distribution, open more than 3 low-altitude routes for surrounding areas, and basically build a networked infrastructure system and low-altitude application ecology.

  Explore "Split Flying Car Intercity Service+Intercity Ferry"

  In terms of inter-city communication, commuter routes will be established between Daxing Airport and xiong’an new area, and between Capital Airport and Tianjin and Langfang. Explore the new application format of "split flying car inter-city service+inter-city ferry".

  Guangdong: Give full play to the supporting advantages of manufacturing industry and cultivate industrial clusters

  The Action Plan of Guangdong Province to Promote the High-quality Development of Low-altitude Economy (2024— In 2026), it is proposed to give full play to the supporting advantages of manufacturing industries in Dongguan, Foshan, Jiangmen and other cities, cultivate low-altitude economic industrial clusters with global competitiveness, and strive to achieve a low-altitude economic scale of more than 300 billion yuan by 2026.

  At present, Dongguan has gathered enterprises related to the industrial chain, such as UAV assembly, low-altitude flight and low-altitude support, to seize the "low-altitude blue ocean". In Shenzhen, the capital of drones, the construction of "four networks" of low-altitude economic facilities network, air network, air route network and service network has been accelerated.

  Jiangsu: Strengthening Key Technologies and Accelerating the Layout of Application Scenes

  In Jiangsu, Suzhou, Nanjing, Yangzhou and other places, through policy support and effective measures, enterprises are encouraged to strengthen core technology research, accelerate the layout of low-altitude economic application scenarios, and guide social capital to participate in low-altitude economic development.

  Based on the local resource endowment to guide the effective agglomeration of factor resources

  The data shows that by the end of 2023, there were over 1.26 million drones in China, an increase of about 32% year-on-year; There are 690 registered navigation enterprises nationwide, 2.5 times that of 2015. Experts said that for technology-based enterprises, finding a matching application scenario for technology is the primary factor for product landing. For local governments, it is necessary to base themselves on local resource endowments, grasp the needs of people’s livelihood, and guide key resources such as technology, capital and talents to effectively gather in key enterprises to improve the modernization level of industrial chains.

  The sixth C919 aircraft was officially delivered to China Eastern Airlines.

  May 28th is the first anniversary of commercial operation of domestic large aircraft C919. On the evening of May 27th, Comac China officially delivered the sixth C919 aircraft to China Eastern Airlines, which was the first aircraft that China Eastern Airlines ordered 100 new C919 aircraft.

  According to reports, compared with the first five received C919 aircraft, this aircraft has been optimized and upgraded in terms of cockpit system display and cabin entertainment system.

  With the delivery of 100 orders, China Eastern Airlines C919 fleet will continue to grow. It is estimated that by the end of 2024, the fleet of China Eastern Airlines C919 will reach 10, and the flight routes will continue to be "new".

  "Instructors" of the Central European Class Busy at the Port

  In the first four months of 2024, there were 2,545 trains in Central Europe (Central Asia) passing through the Khorgos railway port, up 2.4% year-on-year. Every day, it is a busy scene here. After "95", the shunting instructor Kurken Ma URI witnessed the development and changes of the port in his busy schedule.

  Kurken Ma URI, 28, is a shunting instructor at Horgos Station. He introduced that this shunting yard is as big as 140 football fields, and there are 4 shunting groups working at the same time every day on 41 operation lines. Shunting operation is like threading a needle, and there can be no carelessness.

  With the increasing number of China-Europe trains entering and leaving the Khorgos railway port, Kurken Ma URI and his colleagues are also busier. As soon as a Central European train has been organized, they will immediately carry out the subsequent shunting operation.

  After 10 hours of homework, Kurken Ma URI and his colleagues completed 29-hook shunting operations. What makes them happy is that the hard work is in exchange for the safe and efficient operation of China-Europe trains.

  With the continuous promotion of high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road", in recent years, the inbound and outbound trains of Horgos Station have increased year after year. Witnessed and experienced these changes personally, which also made Kurken Ma URI feel deeply.

  Kurken Ma URI, shunting director of the operation workshop of Horgos Station, said that five years ago, their workload was not so heavy, and the average daily operation was only two or three trains. The varieties of goods included fertilizer and sugar. It’s different now. Now there are 40 or 50 trains running every day on average. The variety of goods used to be single, but now there are more mechanical and electrical products, daily necessities and cars. This shows that China has closer and closer exchanges with Central Asian and European countries.

Calm thinking: how can entrepreneurial teams escape the curse of "breaking up after graduation"

  Li Jun (pseudonym), a college student entrepreneur in Wuhan, once saw an example of "breaking up after graduation": next door to the company, a college student entrepreneur in the same city "985" worked hard with his team for three years and moved from the business incubator to Optics Valley Building. The company has more than 10 employees.

  Near graduation, the founder received an invitation from a world top 100 company with an annual salary of 600,000 yuan and decided to leave the company. When the backbone left, the company was dissolved in less than a month. The office next door is still piled with sundries they haven’t taken away.

  When the reporter interviewed a number of entrepreneurial tutors, they almost agreed that "the phenomenon of entrepreneurial college students breaking up after graduation is extremely common. These student entrepreneurial teams, born in the ivory tower, are in ‘ Eat small fish ’ It is difficult to take root and grow in the market competition. After struggling, the graduation season has become the last straw to crush them. "

  Entrepreneurial upsurge is surging in the campus, so it is even more necessary to think calmly behind the pursuit of dreams: How can China university student partners achieve a "life-and-death leap" from campus to society, so as to gain a firm foothold in society?

  "based on the professional field, do their job"

  Fan Xiaohu, a doctoral student in computer science at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, spent three years and finally got rid of the "hard bone" of the smart home industry in Wuhan.

  In 2011, Fan Xiaohu was admitted to the Computer College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and met three doctoral students with similar age and similar interests, such as Xie Qubo. After class, everyone ate, sang, talked about technology and life, and became good friends who talked about everything.

  Three years later, they were deeply inspired by the news that Google bought a smart home company at a high price. "Isn’t this our research field?" After many discussions, four people decided to build a smart home system for the elderly and set up Wuhan Bohu Technology Co., Ltd..

  Bohu is the two main creations of the company — — The combination of Xie Qubo and Fan Xiaohu’s names. The four people in the main creative team have their own strengths. Xie Qubo once listed a startup company; The other two are postdoctoral students abroad, mastering the frontier trends in the industry; Fan Xiaohu, who calls himself "Liu Bei", can get a group of "generals" together to fight.

  Fan Xiaohu believes that the main reason why the project can run steadily is that they are based on their professional fields, do their own jobs and do what everyone in the team is best at. "How deep the water in this industry is, all four of us have already understood it."

  After three years of development, Bohu Technology has gradually determined to target young people, large hospitals and nursing home enterprises, and its annual income has exceeded one million yuan. Fan Xiaohu was also named as "Top Ten University Students of Wuhan Entrepreneurship in 2017" and selected as "3551 Optical Valley Talent Plan".

  Guo Guangxin, majoring in architecture in Wuhan University of Science and Technology in 2011, also considered the problem of specialty matching when choosing entrepreneurial projects.

  In 2015, Guo Guangxin formed a three-person team and established Wuhan Zhongguo Technology Co., Ltd. He is in charge of software development and design, while the other two are good at operation and one is in charge of sales.

  Their entrepreneurial project is a self-service studio. When he was a senior, Guo Guangxin developed a sound-controlled camera induction module for SLR cameras based on his professional background. Just pose and shout out the command, and the corresponding photos will appear on the display screen.

  This technical improvement has greatly "solved the pain points of the industry". Originally, the remote control was needed to control the shooting, which greatly affected the aesthetics of the photos. Now, both hands are liberated from the remote control. "With professional ability, we should be the most technologically superior among our peers." Guo Guangxin said.

  In November 2018, the renovation of the company’s new venue was completed, and the team also won the silver award in the National Entrepreneurship Competition. The company was named as the "Little Giant" enterprise of Wuhan in 2018.

  According to Huang Zihao, an animation major in Huazhong Normal University in 2012, "the team should go far, not only based on the specialty, but also pay attention to aiming at the market". In his senior year, he set up an animation production team, and later established Mu Zi Lan Culture Communication Co., Ltd.. Because of the high cost of animation production, it is difficult for school teachers and students to afford it, but once they take root in the school at first, once they leave this group, it is difficult to survive. When a teacher asks us to do animation, we simply don’t charge money.

  Market research shows that most painters like to draw figures, but in fact the positions of figures are saturated. The real market gap is scene production. "We mainly focus on the outsourcing of excellent art", which is the strength of Muzilan team.

  "Many college students’ entrepreneurial teams failed to improve their market competitiveness in a segment." Huang Zihao said, "As far as our company is concerned, many animation companies outside have strong comprehensive strength, but we may be better than them in the subdivision of scene production. This is the foothold of our startup company. "

  Mu Zi Lan takes animation art as its main business and participates in the artistic production of several animation game projects. In China’s largest animation art outsourcing platform "Mi Hua Shi", Mu Zi Lan has achieved the second place in the country.

  "Finding a partner is more important than finding a partner."

  "There are many similarities between being a community and starting a business." Fan Xiaohu traced his entrepreneurial origin back to the experience of establishing a student association when he was an undergraduate.

  In his sophomore year, Fan Xiaohu, who loved Taekwondo since childhood, founded the Taekwondo Association of Shandong University and developed it into seven schools. From the aspects of club management, business development and off-campus competition, Fan Xiaohu felt "just like expanding a branch". He once led this new student club to stand out among more than 400 student clubs in the school and won the title of Top Ten Club.

  An incident made Fan Xiaohu realize the importance of partners for the first time. On the day before the Taekwondo competition, he accidentally broke his leg bone in the second section of the black belt and could not participate in the competition. It never rains but it pours, because I was recuperating in the hospital, I couldn’t sign a contract with the sponsors on time, and a club sponsorship fee was also ruined.

  "These little somersaults during college are still affordable." He decided to perform in the school orientation activity 37 days after his fracture. His leg was bandaged and his friends helped him to go to the performance site. On the stage, his partner quietly supported him, and the performance was an unexpected success.

  "Entrepreneurship is more complicated than running a taekwondo club, and there will be more accidents in the future." Fan Xiaohu remembers that once, the day before signing the financing contract, the other company went bankrupt and the investment project was ruined in an instant; Years ago, there was not a penny on the company’s books, and several partners took money from home and barely paid their employees.

  "Sometimes it is not necessarily good to fight alone. There are a group of partners who work hard with you, and they will not be isolated when they encounter difficulties." Fan Xiaohu knew from the beginning that he had to find a reliable partner to start a business together.

  When choosing a business partner, he invited his familiar classmates, and the four people knew each other about their professional abilities and ways of dealing with others. He believes that "finding friends in adversity" is the best choice for entrepreneurial partners.

  He calculated the account: he can’t talk to his girlfriend for an hour before going out every morning, and less than two hours after work at 9 o’clock in the evening, with more than eight hours to stay with his partner.

  "Finding a business partner is more important than finding an object." He laughed.

  "Like-minded" is also the standard for Guo Guangxin to find a partner. The "three partners who study architecture" get along well in character and all understand the importance of partners. Guo Guangxin remembers that a partner once said: "If a person starts a small company, it doesn’t make much sense to take 100% equity, but if the partners work together with Qi Xin to make the company bigger and stronger, even if I hold a small number of shares, it will be enough."

  On the issue of shares, Guo Guangxin holds the largest share of the company, and the other two have no objection. "No matter how powerful a person is, after all, his ability is limited. Together, we can push the company to a higher level." Guo Guangxin said.

  Clear rights and responsibilities to avoid disputes

  Fan Xiaohu has his own set of methods in the distribution of partners’ equity: "First of all, the rights and responsibilities of partners must be clear, there must be black and white, and there must be a dynamic adjustment mechanism." For example, although the shares of the four shareholders are shared equally, they all have corresponding sales tasks, and they can get commission separately for completing each business, following the principle of more work and more pay. "The interests between partners, as long as the shares and profits are reasonable, everyone will be happy to cooperate together."

  This point coincides with Guo Guangxin.

  Before the establishment of the company, Guo Guangxin did not have a clear concept on how to distribute the shares. He consulted a large number of relevant materials and consulted the entrepreneurial seniors who got 10 million yuan of financing from the same school, and finally divided the shares into 1: 2: 7.

  He knows that the problems that college students often encounter when starting a startup company are: blindly talking about friendship between brothers, sharing equity equally among partners, and lacking the main decision makers. It is very common to split up because of disagreement in the later stage of the company’s development. Guo Guangxin believes that it is very important to have a person who can make a decision.

  Shortly after the company was established, Guo Guangxin wanted to recruit people to expand his business, but the other two shareholders felt that the business was still immature, which could save the expenses of new employees and let everyone take on more work. Guo Guangxin gathered the shareholders together and calculated the account for everyone. "An intermediate salesman can bring 2,000 yuan for eight hours’ work. Once we increase his workload, we should not only do business, but also be responsible for low-level promotion. The business income is 1000 yuan, and low-level promotion can only bring 100 yuan income, so why not spend 500 yuan to hire another person?" With theoretical and model data analysis, Guo Guangxin finally made a decision to recruit 7 people for the company.

  In order to avoid interest disputes, Huang Zihao has always been a sole proprietorship. "I share the risks by myself. If I make money, it belongs to the company. If I lose money, I will still pay everyone.". He believes that in the face of enormous social pressure, the enthusiasm at the beginning of starting a business is extremely easy to dissipate, so the shares are not too complicated.

  Ding Yubin, the entrepreneurial tutor of Huazhong Normal University, found that most of the partners of college students’ entrepreneurial teams were classmates and friends, and some of these originally close relationships later became the fuse of contradictions. In the development stage of the project, some people can work together for free, but they break up after achieving certain results.

  He introduced that there was a three-person entrepreneurial decoration team. After the company got a list of 800,000 yuan, a partner in charge of on-site construction proposed to divide the money, took away 200,000 yuan in cash, retained some shares for dividends, and left the company.

  Zhao Beiping, dean of the School of Entrepreneurship of Wuhan University of Technology, suggested that college students should set the rules of the game before starting a business. Formulate corresponding rules and regulations on the design of equity and voting rights, determine the core figures, grasp the laws of enterprise management, and form a mature enterprise structure, thus maintaining the operation of the entrepreneurial team.

  Xu Wenchuan, a senior manager of the Innovation and Cultivation Center of a university, once said in the forum on innovation and entrepreneurship of universities on both sides of the mainland and Taiwan Province, "Encouraging college students to innovate and start businesses is not encouraging them to start businesses alone. If it is very hard for college students to innovate and start a business alone, then it is necessary to encourage team entrepreneurship, especially to encourage students to form teams across departments and colleges to improve the complementarity and anti-frustration ability of innovation and entrepreneurship resources. "

  He gave an example. For example, in some innovative and entrepreneurial teams in colleges and universities, some people study business management and are sensitive to finance. Have a plenty of students from the Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, who are proficient in technology; Others come from management colleges and humanities colleges, so that every student’s professional ability can be fully exerted in innovation and entrepreneurship. Only when every college student knows what his strengths and weaknesses are, can all the weaknesses in a team become strengths.

  So how to strengthen the cohesion of college students’ entrepreneurial partners in team combat?

  Ding Yubin believes that the key lies in creating the management wisdom of college students. This requires college administrators to have both strong leadership skills and team building skills. The professional ability, financial ability and social ability that a helmsman needs can’t be learned from books. It requires entrepreneurial college students to have enough confidence and enough tolerance in society, so that college entrepreneurs can explore and learn through trial and error and grow together with team partners.

  (Liu Zhenxing Yang Jie China Youth Daily China Youth Network reporter Lei Yu)